Modern Industrialism: An Outline of Present Day Industrial Organization

Capa
D. Appleton, 1923 - 358 páginas
 

Outras edições - Ver tudo

Palavras e frases frequentes

Passagens conhecidas

Página 153 - MANUFACTURE is a word, which, in the vicissitude of language, has come to signify the reverse of its intrinsic meaning, for it now denotes every extensive product of art, which is made by machinery, with little or no aid of the human hand ; so that the most perfect manufacture is that which dispenses entirely with manual labour.
Página 154 - A factory is an establishment where several workmen are collected for the purpose of obtaining greater and cheaper conveniences for labor than they could procure individually at their homes; for producing results by their combined efforts which they could not accomplish separately: and for preventing the loss occasioned by carrying articles from place to place during the several processes necessary to complete their manufacture.
Página 48 - Though I would not force the introduction of manufactures, by extravagant encouragements, and to the prejudice of agriculture, yet I conceive much might be done in that way by women, children, and others, without taking one really necessary hand from tilling the earth.
Página 237 - The modern industrial system is a great social co-operation. It is automatic and instinctive in its operation. The adjustments of the organs take place naturally. The parties are held together by impersonal force — supply and demand. They may never see each other; they may be separated by half the circumference of the globe. Their co-operation in the social effort is combined and distributed again by financial machinery, and the rights and interests are measured and satisfied without any special...
Página 159 - On the one hand, it arises from the union of various independent handicrafts, which become stripped of their independence and specialised to such an extent as to be reduced to mere supplementary partial processes in the production of one particular commodity. On the other hand, it arises from the cooperation of artificers of one handicraft; it splits up that particular handicraft into its various detail operations, isolating, and making these operations independent of one another up to the point...
Página 105 - The Philippines are ours, not to exploit, but to develop, to civilize, to educate, to train in the science of self-government.
Página 190 - republic, one and indivisible," which was the ideal of the revolutionary statesmen of France. The Federation is based on that principle of alliance, and union for certain purposes, of independent minor republics, upon which the union of the American States proceeded. Each trade is independently organized, not, it is conceived, by virtue of any authority emanating from the head of the whole, but by its own independent power. Each trade organization retains its sovereign control of its internal affairs,...
Página 56 - ... the sugar-cane planters, the people of Sao Paulo found themselves providing a very large proportion of the world's supply of a new commodity which was rising rapidly in popular favor. Coffee planting started around Rio de Janeiro and at other places on the coast from Santos to the Amazon; but by the end of the first quarter of the nineteenth century there was a definite concentration of coffee in the Paraiba Valley, inland from Rio de Janeiro. From this district, coffee planting spread westward...
Página 202 - In this way he knows approximately what it will cost to build the house. The lumber dealer probably contracts to deliver lumber which is not now in his possession. But if he understands his business he knows more accurately than any one else what its future price is likely to be. He habitually makes a profit by his superior knowledge ; but this profit is far less than the loss which would be involved if every builder, at the time of making a contract, had to buy all the lumber he was going to want...
Página 171 - When (from the peculiar nature of the produce of each manufactory) the number of processes into which it is most advantageous to divide it is ascertained, as well as the number of individuals to be employed, then all other manufactories which do not employ a direct multiple of this number, will produce the article at a greater cost.

Informação bibliográfica