A Survey of Alternate Methods for Cooling Condenser Discharge Water, Volume 1,Parte 1Environmental Protection Agency, Water Quality Office, 1969 |
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A Survey of Alternate Methods for Cooling Condenser ..., Volume 1,Parte 3 Dynatech R/D Company Visualização integral - 1969 |
Palavras e frases frequentes
air cooled condenser air stream air temperature ambient amount of heat boiler Btu/hr bulb temperature capacity Capital Cost circulating water condenser pressure condensing temperature conventional cooling tower cooling pond cooling system cooling tower system cooling water corrosion counterflow crossflow decreases discharge dry cooling tower economic effect Eng'g enthalpy equation equilibrium temperature equipment Evaporative Condenser exchange coefficient feedwater heater Figure film function h₁ h₂ heat exchanger heat transfer coefficient higher hyperbolic tower increase inlet installation interface kw-yr kw-yr latent heat maintenance makeup mass flow rate natural draft tower ND tower ND Wet Tower nozzles nuclear plant once-through cooling overall packing performance piping power plant present problem pump Qrej Rankine cycle relative humidity Rugeley run-of-river Section sensible heat spray pond steam power cycle temperature rise thermal efficiency thermodynamic efficiency tubes velocity water loading water temperature wet cooling tower wet-bulb temperature wind
Passagens conhecidas
Página ii - US Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
Página 115 - Heat transfer and pressure drop data on cooling tower packings, and model studies of the resistance of naturaldraught towers to airflow.
Página 10 - The Reheat Cycle In the last paragraph we noted that the efficiency of the Rankine cycle could be increased by increasing the pressure during the addition of heat. However, this also increases the moisture content of the steam in the low-pressure end of the turbine. The reheat cycle has been developed to take advantage of the increased efficiency with higher pressures, and yet avoid excessive moisture in the low-pressure stages of the turbine. This cycle is shown schematically and on a Ts diagram...
Página 98 - The Use of Reservoirs and Lakes for the Dissipation of Heat" -- US Geological Survey Circular 282.
Página 39 - ... the distribution pans to keep the orifices from becoming clogged 2. Entire water feed exposed to the air which favors growth of algae 3. A substantial crossflow correction factor needs to be applied to the driving force, particularly where long range and close approach performances are required. In such cases for some pumping heads, a crossflow tower may need more ground area, and more fan horsepower than a counterflow cooling tower. The major characteristics of induced draft towers — crossflow...
Página 98 - A Comprehensive Approach to the Analysis of Cooling Tower Performance," Journal of Heat Transfer, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Aug., 1961.
Página 30 - ... Maintenance and energy use are limited to that required by the pumps, and solid waste generation is dependent on the type of treatment system in place. Recycling through cooling towers is the most common practice. Casting contact cooling water is recycled through a cooling tower with a blowdown discharge. A cooling tower is a device which cools water by bringing the water into contact with air. The water and air flows are directed in such a way as to provide maximum heat transfer. The heat is...
Página 63 - C), no significant contamination with unusual chemicals or foreign substances, and adequate water treatment to minimize corrosion and scaling. 2. Chlorine, if used, is added intermittently with a free residual of 1 ppm or less maintained for short periods. 3. Atmosphere surrounding the tower is not worse than "moderate industrial," ie, rainfall and fog are only slightly acidic and do not contain significant chlorides or hydrogen sulfide.
Página 47 - KaV. /L\° 5-11(2) where K = overall unit conductance, mass transfer between saturated air at mass water temperature and main air stream, Ib. per hour (ft.2)(lb/lb) a = area of water interface per unit volume of tower, ft.2 per cu.
Página 49 - . The initial driving force is the vertical distance BC. Heat removed from the water is added to the air so the enthalpy increase is proportional to water temperature. The slope of the air operating line CD equals L/C. Counterflow calculations start at the bottom of a tower, the only point where the air and water conditions are known. The NTU is calculated for a series of incremental steps, and the summation...