The Trend of EconomicsA.A. Knopf, 1924 - 556 páginas |
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Página 15
... cost of production , taking utility for granted . After due deliberation , lasting some twenty years , the economists be- came excited and began a lively controversy on the relative merits of cost analysis and utility analysis . Zealous ...
... cost of production , taking utility for granted . After due deliberation , lasting some twenty years , the economists be- came excited and began a lively controversy on the relative merits of cost analysis and utility analysis . Zealous ...
Página 77
... costs of production make induc- tive studies possible . We used to be told : " Price is governed by the cost of production of the marginal producer . " Who is he ? " He is the producer who makes no profit : that is , whose cost of ...
... costs of production make induc- tive studies possible . We used to be told : " Price is governed by the cost of production of the marginal producer . " Who is he ? " He is the producer who makes no profit : that is , whose cost of ...
Página 87
... cost varies in proportion to output : " over- head costs " which are independent of output are the exception and arise in connection with large fixed capital outlay . This proposition is not definitely stated so much as implied in the ...
... cost varies in proportion to output : " over- head costs " which are independent of output are the exception and arise in connection with large fixed capital outlay . This proposition is not definitely stated so much as implied in the ...
Página 92
... cost varies in proportion to ' output : " overhead costs " which are independent of output are the exception and arise in connection with large fixed capital outlay . As an alternative , consider the proposition that overhead costs are ...
... cost varies in proportion to ' output : " overhead costs " which are independent of output are the exception and arise in connection with large fixed capital outlay . As an alternative , consider the proposition that overhead costs are ...
Página 93
... cost on those bear- ing chief responsibility for the industrial cycle , and where it will have the greatest effect in stimulating people to do things to relieve the irregularities . It is one tremendously important instance in which ...
... cost on those bear- ing chief responsibility for the industrial cycle , and where it will have the greatest effect in stimulating people to do things to relieve the irregularities . It is one tremendously important instance in which ...
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Palavras e frases frequentes
Adam Smith Agassiz Alfred Marshall Amer analysis applied assumption behavior business cycle capital cause Columbia University competition conception conclusions consciousness consumers coöperation cost deductive demand desire differential advantage distribution Econ economic theory economists effect efficiency ethical experimental economics fact factors field forces hedonism human important income increase individual inductive industry institutions interest Jour knowledge labor laws less limited logical marginal marginal productivity marginal utility marginalists means measure method modern motives natural law nature nomic objective opportunity cost organization output pecuniary perfect competition phenomena Political Economy possible practical present principles probability problems production profits psychology quantitative question reason relations Ricardo scientific scientists social society standard statistical supply theorists things tion true truth University utility value theory wages wealth welfare welfare economics workers
Passagens conhecidas
Página 106 - By preferring the support of domestic to that of foreign industry he intends only his own security; and by directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of his intention.
Página 156 - My desire to escape from trade, which I thought vicious and selfish, and to enter into the service of Science, which I imagined made its pursuers amiable and liberal, induced me at last to take the bold and simple step of writing to Sir H. Davy...
Página 437 - Subduct from any phenomenon such part as is known by previous inductions to be the effect of certain antecedents, and the residue of the phenomenon is the effect of the remaining antecedents.
Página 37 - I often say that when you can measure what you are speaking about and express it in numbers you know something about it; but when you cannot measure it, when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge is of a meagre and unsatisfactory kind: it may be the beginning of knowledge, but you have scarcely, in your thoughts, advanced to the stage of science, whatever the matter may be.
Página 6 - The natural price of labour is that price which is necessary to enable the labourers, one with another, to subsist and to perpetuate their race, without either increase or diminution.
Página 106 - Every individual is continually exerting himself to find out the most advantageous employment for whatever capital he can command. It is his own advantage, indeed, and not that of the society, which he has in view. But the study of his own advantage naturally, or rather necessarily leads him to prefer that employment which is most advantageous to the society.
Página 45 - I repeat that if a cause is an invariable and necessary condition of an event, we can never know certainly whether the cause exists or not. To us, then, a cause is not to be distinguished from the group of positive or negative conditions which, with more or less probability, precede an event.
Página 158 - Without thinking of the effect it might have upon distinguished men of science, or upon the minds of those who, stimulated to exertion, might become distinguished, I do think that a Government should for its own sake honour the men who do honour and service to the country. I refer now to honours only, not to beneficial rewards ; of such honours I think there are none. Knighthoods and baronetcies are sometimes conferred with such intentions, but I think them utterly unfit for that purpose. Instead...
Página 8 - Long indeed before this period, the very low rate of profits will have arrested all accumulation, and almost the whole produce of the country, after paying the labourers, will be the property of the owners of land and the receivers of tithes and taxes.
Página 160 - What is far more important, my love of natural science has been steady and ardent. This pure love has, however, been much aided by the ambition to be esteemed by my fellow naturalists.