PLATEA. A. C. 428, 7. Olymp. 88. 1. 4τῆς πρὸς τὸν πηλόν. κατὰ οὖν μεταπύργιον προσέμισγον πρὸς τὰς ἐπάλξεις, εἰδότες ὅτι ἔρημοί εἰσι, πρῶτον μὲν οἱ τὰς κλίμακας φέροντες, καὶ προσέθεσαν· ἔπειτα ψιλοὶ δώδεκα ξὺν ξιφιδίῳ καὶ θώρακι ἀνέβαινον, ὧν ἡγεῖτο ̓Αμμέας ὁ Κοροίβου καὶ πρῶτος ἀνέβη, μετὰ δὲ αὐτὸν οἱ ἑπόμενοι ἓξι ἐφ' ἑκάτερον τῶν πύργων ἀνέβαινον· ἔπειτα ψιλοὶ ἄλλοι μετὰ τούτους ξὺν δορατίοις ἐχώρουν, οἷς ἕτεροι κατόπιν τὰς ἀσπίδας ἔφερον, ὅπως ἐκεῖνοι ῥᾷον προσβαίνοιεν, καὶ ἔμελλον 5 δώσειν ὁπότε πρὸς τοῖς πολεμίοις εἴησαν. ὡς δὲ ἄνω πλείους ἐγένοντο ᾔσθοντο οἱ ἐκ τῶν πύργων φύλακες κατέβαλε γάρ το τις τῶν Πλαταιῶν ἀντιλαμβανόμενος ἀπὸ τῶν ἐπάλξεων 6 κεραμίδα, ἡ πεσοῦσα ψόφον ἐποίησε. καὶ αὐτίκα βοὴ ἦν, τὸ δὲ στρατόπεδον ἐπὶ τὸ τεῖχος ὥρμησεν· οὐ γὰρ ᾔδει ὅ τι ἦν τὸ δεινὸν σκοτεινῆς νυκτὸς καὶ χειμῶνος ὄντος, καὶ ἅμα οἱ ἐν τῇ πόλει τῶν Πλαταιῶν ὑπολελειμμένοι ἐξελθόντες προσέ- 15 βαλον τῷ τείχει τῶν Πελοποννησίων ἐκ τοὔμπαλιν ἢ οἱ ἄνδρες αὐτῶν ὑπερέβαινον, ὅπως ἥκιστα πρὸς αὐτοὺς τὸν ἐρῆμοί Bekk. 1. προσέσμιγον i. 4. καὶ τῷ θώρακι f. Hæc. in F. a recentiore manu scripta sunt. τέρων F. rec. H.L.N.O.Q. ἀφ' ἑκατέρων V. έφερον e. κατέλαβε d.F.rec. ΙΙ. τις ἐκ τῶν G.L.O.P. δοῦτον A. Bekk. Goell. rec. F.L.O.P. Cf. Hermogen. de ideis I. 12. e.g.h. Poppo. Goell. rec. F. et vulgo προσέβαλλον. oi e. B.E. vulgo, et Haack. y ubi. 2. πρὸς] om. Α. 3. καὶ] om.e. ἀμμαίας di. 5. Κοροίβου—ἐν οὖν τῷ νοτίῳ cap. 34, 2.] καὶ πρῶτος ἀνέβη] om. Η. 6. έκα7. μετὰ τούτους] om. c. 8. προστ προσβαίνοιεν Q.d.e. 9. τοὺς πολεμίους Q. 10. oi] om. A.P. Bekk. 12. ψόφον Β.E.G. et recens F. ἦν] om. G. βοὴν Γ.Η.Κ.Ν.V.d.e.i. Poppo. the emergency of the case. Compare Each better knee was bared, to aid LAY OF THE LAST MINSTREL, Canto IV. st. xviii. 4· ἀνέβαινον] “ Proceeded to mount “ the wall. Ανέβη, "mounted." I have placed only a comma after avéßn, with Poppo, because the words & ἡγεῖτο—ἀνέβη are a sort of interruption 15. προσέβαλον Α.Β.Ε.Q.V. 16. A.F.G.H.K.P.V. oi] om. P. to the course of the narrative, after which Thucydides repeats again with some slight alteration what he had said before. The transition from painting a scene to stating a fact is marked by the variation of tense from ἀνέβαινον το ἀνέβη, the first represents the party in the very act of mounting the wall, the second records the fact that their commander was the first man who did mount it. PLATEA. A. C. 428, 7. Olymp. 88. 1. νοῦν ἔχοιεν. ἐθορυβοῦντο μὲν οὖν κατὰ χώραν μένοντες, η βοηθεῖν δὲ οὐδεὶς ἐτόλμα ἐκ τῆς αὐτῶν φυλακῆς, ἀλλ ̓ ἐν ἀπόρῳ ἦσαν εἰκάσαι τὸ γιγνόμενον. καὶ οἱ τριακόσιοι αὐτῶν,8 οἷς ἐτέτακτο παραβοηθεῖν εἴ τι δέοι, ἐχώρουν † ἔξω† τοῦ 5τείχους πρὸς τὴν βοήν. φρυκτοί τε ᾔροντο ἐς τὰς Θήβας ο 1. οὖν] om. e. 2. αὐτῶν Α.Β.Ε.g.h. Bekk. ed. 1832. G. rec. F. et vulgo 4. περιβοηθεῖν g. βοηθεῖν 1. woev C.H.K.N.Q.V.c.d. rec. F. 5. ἐς] πρὸς G.L.O.P. Tàs] om. Q. ἑαυτῶν. Haack. Ι. ἐθορυβοῦντο μὲν οὖν κ. τ. λ.] “They "caught the alarm it is true, and were "ready to act in their several stations; "but in their ignorance of what was “ the matter, none ventured to stir "from their own posts." 3. οἱ τριακόσιοι, οἷς ἐτέτακτο κ. τ. λ.] The article in this passage has been objected to, because nothing had been said before of the existence of the body of men here spoken of. And a similar objection has been made to the article in the words τὰς τῶν Μυτιληναίων δέκα τριήρεις, ΙΙΙ. 3, 4. no such particular number of ships having been before alluded to. But in both these cases, and in others to be noticed presently, the article is explained by the words immediately following: "The three “ hundred, who were appointed to act on any sudden emergency;" «The “ ten ships of the Mytilenæans, which "happened to be with them as the contingent of Mytilene according to "the alliance." The subsequent clause explains the article as completely as if the sentence had run, καὶ οἱ τριακόσιοι, ἦσαν γὰρ οἷς ἐτέτακτο—τριακόσιοι λογάδες. Οr, τὰς δὲ δέκα τριήρεις, τοσαῦται γὰρ ἔτυχον παροῦσαι. So also in VIII. 15, 1. τὰς μὲν ὀκτὼ ἤδη πέμπειν, αἱ ἀπολιποῦσαι τὴν φυλακὴν—ἀνακεχωρήκεσαν. Not a word of these eight ships had been mentioned before, but the clause αἱ ἀπολιποῦσαι —ἀνακεχωρήκεσαν is equivalent to τοσαῦται γὰρ ἀπολιποῦσαι— ανακεχωρήκεσαν. Add VIII. 26, I. and on this same principle the article in VIII. 13. αἱ ἀπὸ τῆς Σικελίας—εκκαίδεκα νῆες is perfectly defensible in itself, even if we choose to omit it on account of the authority of the best MSS. in which it is in this place wanting. 4. ἐχώρουν †ἔξω† τοῦ τείχους προς THUCYDIDES, VOL. I. τὴν βοήν] I am inclined to agree with Haack that woev is right, as given by all the best MSS. although I have yielded to the united authority of Bekker, Poppo, and Göller, in retaining ἔξω in the text. Ἐχώρουν ἔξωθεν could not indeed signify, they issued out of "the wall," but the order of the words is ἐχώρουν πρὸς τὴν βοὴν, ἔξωθεν τοῦ τείχους, that is, “ they moved in the "direction of the alarm, on the outside "of the wall," supposing them to have already sallied out by a gate in another quarter of the lines, and describing them as advancing towards the sound of the action, not on the walls, but on the outside of them. And ἔξωθεν expresses this exactly, as ἄνωθεν, ΙΙ. 102, 3. signifies, not "from above," but "at "the upper part, above." See the note there. 5. φρυκτοὶ πολέμιοι] From what is here said, and also from ch. 80. of this book, it appears evident that the art of signals in the age of Thucydides was not so entirely in its infancy as the Scholiast and Polybius (X. 40.) represent it. Had the φρυκτοὶ πολέμιοι announced nothing but that the enemy were making an attack, and had the signal consisted merely, according to the Scholiast, of lights moved up and down, whereas those which announced the coming of a friend were stationary, it is difficult to conceive that the Thebans could have supposed that all was right, when they saw the signals of alarm and of assurance of safety exhibited together. But if the number or position of the lights indicated the numbers of the enemy, as seems probable from chap. 80, 3. or the direction in which he was moving; then other lights put up so as to interfere with B b PLATEA. A. C. 428, 7. Olymp. 88. 1. πολέμιοι· παρανῖσχον δὲ καὶ οἱ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως Πλαταιής ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχους φρυκτοὺς πολλοὺς πρότερον παρεσκευασμένους ἐς αὐτὸ τοῦτο, ὅπως ἀσαφῆ τὰ σημεῖα τῆς φρυκτωρίας τοῖς πολεμίοις ᾖ καὶ μὴ βοηθοῖεν, ἄλλο τι νομίσαντες τὸ γιγνόμενον εἶναι ἢ τὸ ὂν, πρὶν σφῶν οἱ ἄνδρες οἱ ἐξιόντες5 διαφύγοιεν καὶ τοῦ ἀσφαλοῦς ἀντιλάβοιντο. XXIII. οἱ δ' ὑπερβαίνοντες τῶν Πλαταιῶν ἐν τούτῳ, ὡς οἱ πρῶτοι αὐτῶν ἀναβεβήκεσαν καὶ τοῦ πύργου ἑκατέρου τοὺς φύλακας δια7. ὡς οἱ] ὅσοι Α.Β.Ε.g. 1. ἐκ] ἀπὸ Η.Ν.V. 8. ἀνεβεβήκεσαν Ε. 4. ] εἴη corr. rec. F. them, and make their communication unintelligible, would naturally have the effect of keeping the Thebans in suspense, for they would only know that something was the matter, but would neither know what the particular danger was, nor in what direction their ef forts would be most available. 1. παρανίσχονὅπως ἀσαφῆ ᾖ καὶ μὴ βοηθοιεν] “ Observandum, etiam antiquos et diligentes scriptores optativum præsentibus jungere, ubi finem "indicant hunc esse, non ut quid fiat, “ sed ut quid possit fieri. Vide Seid“ lerum ad Euripid. Elect. 59. Eadem "differentia conjunctivi et optativi in "oratione historica etiam post præteri“ tum est, ut apud Herodot. VIII. 76, « 2. τῶνδε δὲ εἵνεκα ἀνῆγον τὰς νῆας, ἵνα δὴ τοῖσιν Ελλησι μηδὲ φυγέειν ἐξῇ, “ ἀλλ ̓ ἀπολαμφθέντες ἐν τῇ Σαλαμίνι “ δοῖεν τίσιν τῶν ἐν ̓Αρτεμισίῳ ἀγωνισμάτων. ΙΧ. 51, 3. ἐς τοῦτον δὴ τὸν χῶρον ἐβουλεύσαντο μεταναστῆναι, ἵνα σε καὶ ὕδατι ἔχωσι χρῆσθαι ἀφθόνῳ, καὶ “ οἱ ἱππέες σφέας μὴ σινοίατο.” Hermann, Notes on Viger, n. 350. Compare the passages here quoted with the one in the text, with VII. 17, 4. ναῦς— ἐπλήρουν, ὅπως ναυμαχίας τε ἀποπειράσωσι,—καὶ ἧσσον οἱ ̓Αθηναῖοι κωλύοιεν ἀπαίρειν. with VIII. 87, 3. παρῆλθεν ἵνα διατρίβῃ —ἵνα ἐκχρηματίσαιτο. and with a passage iu Euripides, Hecuba 1120, quoted by Mr. Tate in his Comment on Dawes' Canons, and which he calls "singularly awkward:" ἔδεισα, μή σοι πολέμιος λειφθεὶς ὁ παῖς Now it seems to me that in all these cases the transition from the subjunctive to the optative mood is meant to shew that the several consequences are not contemporaneous, but that the subjunctive mood indicates the immediate, and the optative the remote consequence of the action contained in the principal verb; the second being a consequence upon the first: and that to mark this gradation different moods are employed, and the subjunctive is thus used even where the principal verb is in the past tense, because otherwise the distinction intended could not be marked. Thus in the text the immediate consequence of putting up the additional lights was that the enemy's signals were rendered unintelligible: the remote consequence, or the consequence of the first consequence, was, that the Thebans did not come to join their friends, because they could not understand the signals. And it will be found that this solution will apply to all the other passages quoted in the beginning of this note. 6. οἱ δ ̓ ὑπερβαίνοντες τῶν Πλατα ῶν, ἐφύλασσόν τε—καὶοἱ μὲν εἶργον οἱ δ ̓ ἐν τούτῳ, οἱ πλείους—ὑπερέβαινον] This is another instance of the subject being first stated universally, and then divided into its several parts, and of the nominative case being used to express both the whole subject and its parts. See Poppo, Prolegom. I. p. 107. κάτωθεν καὶ ἄνωθεν. From the passage which was carried through the towers, and from the summit of them, whither some of the Platæans had mounted by ladders. PLATEA. A. C. 428, 7. Olymp. 88. 1. φθείραντες ἐκεκρατήκεσαν, τάς τε διόδους τῶν πύργων ἐνστάντες αὐτοὶ ἐφύλασσον μηδένα δι ̓ αὐτῶν ἐπιβοηθεῖν, καὶ κλίμακας προσθέντες ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχους τοῖς πύργοις καὶ ἐπαναβιβάσαντες ἄνδρας πλείους, οἱ μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν πύργων Στοὺς ἐπιβοηθοῦντας καὶ κάτωθεν καὶ ἄνωθεν εἱργον βάλλοντες, οἱ δ ̓ ἐν τούτῳ οἱ πλείους πολλὰς προσθέντες κλίμακας ἅμα καὶ τὰς ἐπάλξεις ἀπώσαντες διὰ τοῦ μεταπυργίου ὑπερέβαινον· ὁ δὲ διακομιζόμενος ἀεὶ ἵστατο ἐπὶ τοῦ χείλους 2 τῆς τάφρου, καὶ ἐντεῦθεν ἐτόξευόν τε καὶ ἠκόντιζον, εἴ τις το παραβοηθῶν παρὰ τὸ τεῖχος κωλυτὴς γίγνοιτο τῆς διαβά σεως. ἐπεὶ δὲ πάντες διεπεπεραίωντο, οἱ ἀπὸ τῶν πύργων,3 χαλεπῶς οἱ τελευταῖοι, καταβαίνοντες ἐχώρουν ἐπὶ τὴν τάφρον, καὶ ἐν τούτῳ οἱ τριακόσιοι αὐτοῖς ἐπεφέροντο λαμπάδας ἔχοντες. οἱ μὲν οὖν Πλαταιῆς ἐκείνους ἑώρων μᾶλλον 4 15 ἐκ τοῦ σκότους ἑστῶτες ἐπὶ τοῦ χείλους τῆς τάφρου, καὶ ἐτόξευόν τε καὶ ἐσηκόντιζον ἐς τὰ γυμνὰ, αὐτοὶ δὲ ἐν τῷ ἀφανεῖ ὄντες ἧσσον διὰ τὰς λαμπάδας καθεωρῶντο, ὥστε φθάνουσι τῶν Πλαταιῶν καὶ οἱ ὕστατοι διαβάντες τὴν τάφρον, χαλεπῶς δὲ καὶ βιαίως κρύσταλλός τε γὰρ ἐπεπήγει το οὐ βέβαιος ἐν αὐτῇ ὥστ ̓ ἐπελθεῖν, ἀλλ ̓ οἷος ἀπηλιώτου ἢ 1. ἐνστάντες αὐτοὶ Α.Β.C.E.G.H.K.L.O.P.Q.V.c.de.f.g.h.i. Goell. Bekk. vulgo αὐτοὶ ἐνστάντες. 5. βοηθοῦντας L.O.P. om. H. et rec. F. 6. προθέντες g.h. 7. πυργίου G. 8. χείλους] τείχους Γ.Κ. 9. ἠκόντιζόν τε καὶ ἐτόξευον L.O. γελος Ε. 15. τείχους Κ. καὶ ἐντεῦθεν ἐτόξευον G.I.L.Ο.Ρ. H. et rec. F. 18. ὕστερον H.d.i. rec. F. 20. βεβαίως G. ἐλθεῖν ε. 12. χαλεπῶς οἱ τελευταῖοι] I have placed a comma before and after these words, because the translation of the sentence seems to me to be this. "The "party from the towers descended and "advanced to the ditch, those of their “ number who came last making their “ way with difficulty.” And thus Mr. Bloomfield has understood it. 20. οἷος ἀπηλιώτου ή βορέου] “ Such "as usually is found when the wind is " east instead of north.” So the Scholiast understands these words, as does Haack. Poppo. καὶ ante κατ. μετὰ πυργίου Γ. 10. τεῖχος] 16. ἐπηκόντιζον ἐπανελθεῖν Ε. also Mr. Bloomfield; and I have no doubt that this is the true interpretation. The Scholiasts of Constantinople, however ignorant on many points, must at least have been acquainted with the weather in their own country; and the scholium βορέας γὰρ βέβαιον ποιεῖ κρύ σταλλον, ἀπηλιώτης δὲ ὑδατώδη, may therefore be reasonably listened to. The east wind of Greece is indeed very different from the east wind of England and Germany; and instead of saying as we do that "the wind in the east is PLATEA. A. C. 428, 7. Olymp. 88. 1. βορέου ὑδατώδης μᾶλλον, καὶ ἡ νὺξ τοιούτῳ ἀνέμῳ ὑπονει φομένη πολὺ τὸ ὕδωρ ἐν αὐτῇ ἐπεποιήκει, ὃ μόλις ὑπερ5 έχοντες ἐπεραιώθησαν. ἐγένετο δὲ καὶ ἡ διάφευξις αὐτοῖς μᾶλλον διὰ τοῦ χειμῶνος τὸ μέγεθος. XXIV. ὁρμήσαντες δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς τάφρου οἱ Πλαταιῆς ἐχώρουν αθρόοι τὴν ἐς5 Θήβας φέρουσαν ὁδὸν, ἐν δεξιᾷ ἔχοντες τὸ τοῦ ̓Ανδροκράτους ἡρῷον, νομίζοντες ἥκιστα σφᾶς ταύτην αὐτοὺς ὑποτοπῆσαι τραπέσθαι τὴν ἐς τοὺς πολεμίους· καὶ ἅμα ἑώρων τοὺς Πελοποννησίους τὴν πρὸς Κιθαιρῶνα καὶ Δρυός κεφαλὰς τὴν ἐπ ̓ ̓Αθηνῶν φέρουσαν μετὰ λαμπάδων διώκοντας. 1ο 2 καὶ ἐπὶ μὲν ἓξ ἢ ἑπτὰ σταδίους οἱ Πλαταιῆς τὴν ἐπὶ τῶν Θηβῶν ἐχώρησαν, ἔπειθ ̓ ὑποστρέψαντες ᾔεσαν τὴν πρὸς τὸ ὄρος φέρουσαν ὁδὸν ἐς Ερυθρὰς καὶ Ὑσιάς, καὶ λαβόμενοι Ι. ὑδατώδους d.i. ὑπονειφομένη Α.Β.C.E.H.K.d.g.h.i. Poppo. Goell. Bekk. G. et vulgo ὑπονιφομένη. 3. καὶ ἐγένετο L.O.P. 6. δεξιῷ Κ. ἀνδροκάτους Β. 10. ἀπ' α. II. τῶν] om. f. 13. pvepàs B.H.L.O.g. Poppo. épv✪pà V. vulgo et Bekk. έρύθρας. ὑσιὰς Α.Β.Η.V.g. Poppo. Goell. Bekk. vulgo υσίας. "good neither for man nor beast," the Turks call it "a divine wind wafting to “ them the blessing of Mecca.” And Stuart says that it brings pleasant rains, and favours vegetation. See Kruse, Hellas, vol. I. p. 323. For the omission οἱ μᾶλλον before ή, compare Sophocles, Ajax, 966. ἐμοὶ πικρὸς τέθνηκεν, ἢ κείνοις γλυκύς. Compare note on VII. 49, I. [Dobree proposes to strike out the words ἢ βορέου as a mere gloss, added to explain the meaning of μᾶλλον. Göller in his second edition imagines that both the north and east winds were moist winds, so that the ice would not be firm when either of them blew. But if ever there was firm ice at all, under what wind could it take place, if it could be neither with an east wind, nor yet with a north ? Surely Göller does not suppose that it would freeze harder when the wind was in the south or west. Either then we must follow Dobree in striking out the words ἢ βορέου, or it seems impossible to interpret them in any other way than that which has been followed in the former part of this note.] 6. Ανδροκράτους] Herodotus, ΙΧ. 25, 5. Ετάσσοντο κατὰ ἔθνεα, πλησίον τῆς τε κρήνης τῆς Γαργαφίης, καὶ τοῦ Τεμένεος τοῦ ̓Ανδροκράτεος τοῦ Ἥρωος. Plutarch. Aristid. 325. Respondit Apollo, laturos ex Medis victoriam Athenienses, si vota Νύμφαις Σφρα γίτισι &c. nuncupassent, καὶ θύοντας Ηρωσιν ̓ΑΝΔΡΟΚΡΑΤΕΙ, Λεύκωνι, Πεισάνδρῳ, Δαμοκράτει, Ὑψίωνι, ̓Ακταίωνι, Πολυίδῳ— Αρχηγέται Πλαταιέων ἦσαν. αὐτοῦ δ ̓ ἦν καὶ τὸ τοῦ ̓Ανδροκράτους ἡρῷον, ἐγγὺς ἄλσει πυκνῶν καὶ συσκίων δένδρων περιεχόμενον. ibi pro Νυσίων lege Υσίων cum MS. et διαμαρτείν. Hos opinor contestatus est Archidamus, II. 74, 2. WASS. 9. τὴν πρὸς Κιθαιρῶνα καὶ Δρυός κεφαλὰς] For the geography of the passes of Cithaeron, of Platza, Hysiæ, and Erythræ, the reader is referred to Sir W. Gell's map at the end of the volume, and to the memoir which accompanies it. 13. Υσίας] Ita MSS. et Steph. Vid. Nostrum, Lib. V. 83, 2. Pausan. Boeot. ΙΧ. 2. ἐν τῷ Κιθαιρῶνι ὀλίγον τῆς εὐα |
