JAMES MANNING CHAPHE

James Manning Chaphe was born in Hartford, Conn., Sept. 30, 1860. He was the son of the late Andrew J. Chaphe, who came from Brooklyn to St. Louis in 1870 to superintend the erection of the St. Louis Water Works at Bissell's Point, and who later held the position of Chief Engineer and Superintendent of the plant until he resigned in 1887. Mr. Andrew Chaphe was a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers and the Engineers' Club of St. Louis.

James Chaphe resided in Brooklyn until 1870, when his parents moved to St. Louis. He was educated in the public schools and later entered the municipal service as Mechanical Engineer at the Bissell's Point Water Works, which position he held for sixteen years.

During the building of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, Mr. Chaphe served as Mechanical Inspector and, during the progress of the World's Fair, held the position of Chief Mechanical Engineer.. After the close of the Exposition he superintended the dismantling of the power plant and his name appeared among the last of those who saw service throughout the progress of this epoch-making event in the history of St. Louis.

In 1905 Mr. Chaphe removed to Vicksburg, Miss., to assume charge of the Vicksburg Water Works in the capacity of Chief Engineer. During the yellow fever epidemic he and his wife left Vicksburg, and he later installed the heating and power plant of the State Normal School at Cape Girardeau, Mo.

During the following ten years Mr. Chaphe superintended the erection of various plants in New York, Washington, Baltimore, Cincinnati, Chicago, and other large cities, but for the past few years had been connected with St. Louis firms, the last of which was the Comof St. Louis since 1886, and always maintained a strong personal mercial Auto Body Co. He had been a member of the Engineers' Club interest in its affairs.

THE MUSCLE SHOALS DEVELOPMENT.

An abstract of a paper prepared by Major S. C. Godfrey, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, and read before the Associated Engineering Societies, Dec. 21, 1921, by Mr. C. McL. Moss of the Westinghouse Electric & Mfg. Co. The Muscle Shoals are located in the Tennessee River in northwestern Alabama, extending 37 miles upstream from the towns of Florence and Sheffield. The river is wide and shallow with a flint limestone bottom. The total drop through the Shoals is 134 feet with slopes as great as 15 feet per mile. Velocities in excess of 10 miles per hour have been measured.

A canal paralleling part of the Shoals was built in 1834 by the State

of Alabama. This is now obsolete and a larger canal, built by the U. S. Government, has been in use since 1890.

The Shoals have long been recognized as a favorable location for large hydro-electric development, and a report of the Corps of Engineers of the U. S. Army favored the construction of such a project. Plans for its realization were under way when the defense of the realm act of 1916 authorized the construction of a nitrate plant for the production of explosives. This plant was built at Sheffield and, with the coming of the war a second plant was constructed. Both are steam operated, with power connections to existing sources.

While the nitrate plants were being erected under the supervision of the Ordnance Department, the Corps of Engineers was proceeding with plans for the system of dams for hydro-electric development. The complete project consists of a system of 3 dams: No. 1, a small structure for navigation only; No. 2 (the Wilson Dam) at Florence, two miles above No. 1; and No. 3, for combined power and navigation service, 15 miles above No. 2.

The Wilson Dam being the backbone of the scheme and the main reliance for power development, was the first started. It is in three sections; the locks on the north bank, the spillway, and the power house section, the last two founded on the river bed. A concrete arch highway bridge traverses the three sections, 19 feet above the water in the upper pool. The entire structure is founded on solid rock, a hard flinty limestone.

The locks are largely excavated from solid rock, two in tandem,

J. T. GARRETT, Pres.

R. P. GARRETT, V.-Pres.

MISSOURI BRIDGE AND IRON CO. MANUFACTURERS and BUILDERS of STEEL BRIDGES, BUILDINGS and OTHER STRUCTURAL STEEL WORK. We Carry a Large Stock of Steel in Our Yard for Orders Where Quick Delivery is Required.

ST. LOUIS, MO.

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Literature on request.

Contract Waterproofing Co.

2042 RAILWAY EXCHANGE BLDG., ST. LOUIS

each with a lift of 46 feet. Lock chambers are 60 by 350 feet with a minimum depth of 71⁄2 feet. Locks have double mitering gates for emergencies. A proposal to widen the locks is being considered. The spillway section is 2890 feet long. Eight foot piers rise from the crest to support the highway bridge. Between each pair of piers, 38 feet apart, is a vertical sliding gate 18 feet high, designed to pass, without affecting the level of the upper pool, a flood 75% greater than any on record. The apron of the spillway is from 4 to 9 feet thick, 59 feet wide and solidly anchored by up and down stream trenches. The heel trench is 35 feet wide and is carried down below the base of the dam so as to give a minimum breast wall of 5 feet without seams. An inspection tunnel 6 by 9 feet in section runs straight through the spillway and power house sections. Drill holes,

ROBERT W. HUNT

JOHN J. CONE

D. W. MCNAUGHER

ROBERT W. HUNT & CO., ENGINEERS

INSPECTION OF RAILWAY AND STRUCTURAL MATERIALS
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL TESTS

St. Louis Office and Laboratories, 1403 Syndicate Trust Bldg.

23 feet on centers are sunk from the tunnel floor to a depth of 35 feet to relieve any uplift pressure on the base of the dam.

The power house section is about 1200 feet long. The present installation will consist of 4 vertical 30,000 H. P. turbines operating at 100 revolutions per minute, direct connected to 25,000 K. V. A., 12,000 volt generators. The head on the turbines varies from 68 to 93 feet. Fourteen additional units of the same size are contemplated. They provide for a maximum development of nearly 600,000 H. P., (of which 100,000 is primary), with an average of 300,000.

The most striking features of construction are the four-track construction bridge and ten ton traveling cranes, seven for the dam proper with 75 foot booms, and 3 for the power house with 118 foot booms. Those for the dam run on a special track, one rail of which is supported by the construction bridge piers, the others by concrete piers later to be submerged in the concrete of the dam.

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Olive 4822-4823

S. W. Cor. Walnut-Ninth

Central 3006

WH

Highway Deck of St. Louis Free Bridge-48,000 Tons

of Steel-Protected With Detroit Graphite Paint.

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Offices and Warehouse Stocks in St. Louis.

W. D. WAUGH, Representative

all Purposes.

2044 Railway Exchange Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.

All forms are of wood. Cement, after testing, is conveyed on belts to the mixers from storage sheds located at each mixing plant.

Three mixing plants supply concrete; one on each shore equipped with two two-yard mixers, and one on Jackson Island having two four-yard mixers.. Concrete in proportion of 1 to 24 to 5, is conveyed in 2 and 4-yard buckets on flat cars to the cranes.

The bulk of the concrete aggregate is sand and gravel, though a crushing plant is located on Jackson Island where all rock which can be used to advantage is crushed and passed on to the mixers. Sand and gravel are dredged from the river 9 miles below Florence and towed to the work on scows.

Stream control will be effected by successively enclosing seven sections by cofferdams consisting of rock-filled cribs sheeted with lumber and sealed with clay and earth.

URBAUER-ATWOOD HEATING COMPANY

CENTRAL HEATING INSTALLATIONS
STEAM AND HOT WATER HEATING
POWER PLANT EQUIPMENTS

ELECTRIC PLANTS

VENTILATING APPARATUS

Main Office

1450 SOUTH SECOND STREET

ST. LOUIS, MO.