Lunar Impact: A History of Project Ranger

Capa
Scientific and Technical Information Office, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1977 - 450 páginas
 

Índice

Luna 3
22
ORGANIZING THE CAMPAIGN
25
NASA Space Flight Programs Director Abe Silverstein
27
JPL Lunar Program Director Clifford Cummings
29
JPL Ranger Project Manager James Burke
30
Marshall Agena Systems Manager Friedrich Duerr
33
Air Force Ranger Manager John Albert with James Burke
35
JPL Ranger Project Assistant Manager Gordon Kautz
37
NASA Lunar and Planetary Programs Chief Edgar Cortright
38
Ranger Project Organization
40
Lockheed Agena Manager Harold Luskin
41
SPACE SCIENCE AND THE RANGER MACHINE
46
Spacecraft Attitude Stabilization in Three Axe
48
Vega Spacecraft Model
50
NASA Space Flight Programs Assistant Director for Space Sciences Homer Newell 5 1
51
Ranger Spacecraft Preliminary Design
55
Typical Assembly Package
56
Ranger 1 and 2 Spacecraft Design
58
Ranger 3 4 and 5 Superstructure Design
62
RANGERS LUNAR OBJECTIVES IN DOUBT
63
Venera 1
66
Ranger Block I Proof Test Model and Nose Shroud Mockup
68
Ranger 1 in Systems Test Complex
69
NASA Lunar Flight Systems Chief Oran Nicks
71
Scientific Experiments on the Block I Spacecraft
77
Scientific Experiments on the Block II Spacecraft
80
SUPPORTING THE FLIGHT OPERATIONS
81
JPL Deep Space Instrumentation Facility Director Eberhardt Rechtin
83
Station Locations in the Deep Space Network
85
TwentySixMeter Radio Antenna at Goldstone
86
The Deep Space NetworkSpacecraft Link
87
JPL Space Flight Control Center 1961
90
TEST FLIGHTS AND DISAPPOINTMENTS
94
Space Trajectory Selected for Rangers 1 and 2
95
Agena B Satellite Configuration
96
Ranger Ascent Sequence
98
ThreeMeter Antenna at Johannesburg
100
Launch of Ranger
102
Deep Space Tracking Coverage as a Function of Spacecraft Altitude
104
Ranger 2 Countdown Progresses Beneath a Full Moon
107
JPL Ranger Spacecraft Systems Manager Allen Wolf
117
Ranger Block III Television Camera Sequencing
118
Model of Ranger Block III Preliminary Design
119
NASA Administrator James Webb
121
NASA Ranger Program Chief William Cunningham
123
Sterile Assembly of a Seismometer Capsule at Aeronutronic 26
126
THE QUESTION OF SCIENCE AND RANGER
127
Modifying Ranger for More Space Science
134
Placement of Sky Science Experiments on Ranger Block III
136
Lunar Launch Constraints
140
Technicians Make Final Adjustments to Ranger 3 at Cape Canaveral 14 1
141
Launch of Ranger 3
144
Ranger Block II Midcourse Maneuver Sequence
146
IN THE COLD LIGHT of Dawn
171
JPL Lunar and Planetary Program Director Robert Parks 1 78
178
JPL Ranger Project Manager Harris Schurmeier
179
HOMESTRETCH ENGINEERING
185
The Ranger Block III Spacecraft as Viewed from Abov
187
The Ranger Block III Spacecraft as Viewed from Below
188
Installation of the Midcourse Motor
194
The Television Subsystem Is Readied for Tests at JPL
196
A New Era and Hard TimES
199
Northrop Manager of Project Ranger William Howard 13
213
JPL Ranger Block V Project Manager Geoffrey Robillard 2 1 6
216
MORE MISSIONS FOR SCIENCE?
217
SIX TO THE MOON
223
JPL Ranger Project Scientist Thomas Vrebalovich
224
Block III Principal Investigator Gerard Kuiper
227
Block III Coexperimenter Eugene Shoemaker
228
Block III Coexperimenter Harold Urey
229
Block III Coexperimenter Raymond Heacock
230
Block III Coexperimenter Ewen Whitaker
231
At JPL Technicians Make Final Adjustments on Ranger 6 2 3 2
232
The Audience in Von Karman Auditorium Hears Downhower Describe the Final Moments in the Flight of Ranger 6
238
Homer Newell William Pickering and Harris Schurmeier Answer Newsmens Questions at Ranger 6 Postflight Press Conference
239
THE WORST OF TIMES
240
Youre ShyIm Shy 28 Million Bucks Courtesy Fort Wayne Indiana NewsSentinel
241
NASA Deputy Associate Administrator for Industry Affairs Earl Hilburn
245
A CRASHING SUCCESS
256
Dick Tracy Investigates With Note From Burke to Schurmeier Created by Chester Gould Chicago TribuneNew York News Syndicate
258
Exposed Pins in the Agena Umbilical Connector
259
Net Control Area in the New Space Flight Operations Facility
263
Launch of Ranger 7
265
Newell Pickering and Cortright Confer at the Flight Control Center Early on July 31 1964
267
Cheering
268
And Weeping
270
KUDOS AND QUESTIONS
271
Newell and Pickering Shake Hands Before the Ranger 7
272
Experimenters Heacock Kuiper and Whitaker Examine Ranger 7
274
Ranger 7 Closeup Pictures of the Sea of Clouds
275
Howdy Courtesy Tom Little in The Nashville Tennessean
278
Newell and Pickering Brief President Johnson
279
Shoemaker and Kuiper Answer Newsmens Questions at the Interim Scientific Results Conference
286
THE RANGER LEGACY
289
Ranger Block III Terminal Maneuver
291
Kuiper Heacock and Whitaker Examine Ranger 8 Pictures at the Flight Control Center
292
Ranger 8 Pictures of the Sea of Tranquility
293
At Headquarters NASA Administrator James Webb Explains Lunar Surface Model for President Johnson and VicePresident Humphrey
297
Successful Launch Courtesy Gene Basset ScrippsHoward Newspapers
298
Urey Whitaker and Shoemaker Watch Ranger 9 Pictures Live at the Flight Control Center
301
Urey Kuiper and Shoemaker Confer Before Ranger 9
302
Ranger 9 Pictures of the Crater Alphonsus
303
Ranger 9 Touch Courtesy Tom Little in The Nashville Tennessean
305
White House Awards Ceremony
306
12
312

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Página 391 - Ranger Sterilization Experience," April 5, 1963 (2-659b); and in A Review of Space Research (Publication 1079, the Report of the Summer Study conducted under the auspices of the Space Science Board of the National Academy of Sciences at the State University of Iowa, June 17August 10, 1962. Washington: National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, 1962), pp. 10-25 and Appendix III. 9. Cf., JPL Interoffice Memo from James Burke to All Concerned, subject: "RA-3 Schedule...
Página 423 - US Congress. Senate. Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences NASA authorization for fiscal year 1964. Hearings before the Committee on S. 1245, a bill to authorize appropriations to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration...
Página 384 - NASA's Launch Operations Center to July 1, 1962 (Comment Edition, KHM-1. Cocoa Beach, Florida: John F. Kennedy Space Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, October 1964), pp. 66-67 (5-225); and paragraph 4.a of the LOD/AFMTC Agreement of July 17, 1961. 19. See Abe Silverstein 's comments," Minutes of the Space Exploration Council Meeting, April 25-26, 1960,
Página 79 - NASA's Space Science Steering Committee appointed the experimenters who would analyze and interpret the data to be returned by the television camera: Gerard P. Kuiper, an astronomer and Director of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory at the University of Arizona; a geologist, Eugene M. Shoemaker of the US Geological Survey; and a chemist, Nobelist, and prime instigator of NASA's unmanned lunar program, Harold C. Urey of the University of California at San Diego.
Página 113 - Congress the national commitment to land a man on the moon and return him safely to Earth before the end of the decade.
Página 376 - Committee and Subcommittees 1, 3, and 4, 87th Congress, 1st Session, on HR 3238 and HR 6029, 1961, No. 7, Part I, p. 244. 13. Letter from Homer Newell to Bruno Rossi, December 18, 1959 (2-1937); Robert Jastrow, ed., The Exploration of Space, A Symposium of Space Physics, April 29-30, 1959, sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the American Physical Society (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1960). 14. NASA Space Sciences "Staff Conference...
Página 206 - ... pictures of the lunar surface which will be of benefit to both the scientific program and the US manned lunar program. These pictures should be at least an order of magnitude better in resolution than any available Earth-based photography. Should the requirements of the manned lunar program conflict with scientific requirements, every consideration will be given to meeting the manned lunar program needs.
Página 383 - Resources, Facilities and Hardware. Manned and Unmanned Flight Programs, Bioastronautics, Civil and Military Applications, Projections of Future Plans, Attitudes Toward International Cooperation and Space Law. Staff report prepared for the use of the Committee...
Página 154 - On April 26, at 4:47.50 am Pacific Standard Time," he declared speaking for the Laboratory as well as for NASA, "Ranger 4 was tracked by the Goldstone receiver as it passed the leading edge of the moon. At 4:49.53 am it crashed on the moon at a lunar longitude of 229.5 degrees East and a lunar latitude of 15.5 degrees South."32 If the Russians wished iMflnftlMCfmr* Red, White and Blue Cross Fig.
Página 270 - This is a great day for science, and this is a great day for the United States," he declared. "We have made progress in resolution of lunar detail not by a factor of 10, as...

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