Free Will and Determinism in American Literature

according action American literature Ántonia Arminianism Barren Ground believe Blithedale Romance Boston Brothers Karamazov Calvinism Calvinist century chapter characters choose Christ church Company Constance Garnett conversion course Cowperwood Darwin death decree destiny determinism deterministic Dickinson divine doctrine Dorinda Dreiser Edited Edwards efforts elect Ellen Glasgow Elsie Venner Emerson Emily Dickinson endowed England essay eternal evil faith fate father Faulkner feel forces God's grace Harriet Beecher Stowe Hawthorne Holmes human humanists Hurstwood Ibid individual inevitable instinct James libertarian lives man's mankind Melville mind Miss Glasgow monism moral murder naturalistic nature necessity never Norris novel novelists Oliver Wendell Holmes one's orthodox Oversoul persons philosophy poem predestination Puritan race religion religious result salvation scientific sense social sociocracy soul Spencer spirit strong struggle Sumner Theodore Dreiser theology things thought tion transcendentalism transcendentalist universe vein of iron volition Westminster Confession Whitman Wieland Willa Cather William writes York Zola