counted for is as pertinent as at the gravel pit.

A Stream and Its Work. One of the most profitable fields of observation is a stream and the features connected with it. An advantage in choosing a stream for excursion work is the ease with which a suitable one may be found in almost any locality. A brook of moderate size is preferable to a large stream for the best work, because its features come within smaller and, hence, more convenient scope. Notice the stream itself, the water flowing here rapidly, there slowly. Why does it flow? Why at different velocity in different places? Notice the material on the bottom of the channel. Is it moving? Is there sediment carried in the water? Where did it come from? Where is it going? Does the stream wind about? Why? Notice the banks. Are they steep or

gently sloping? Does the water run near the steep banks? Are the banks caving? Why? What becomes of the dirt that falls from the bank into the stream? What part of a bend has the steep bank? The gently sloping bank? How does the water move past the steep banks? Along gently sloping banks? What must be the effect of the cutting out and carrying away of earth along the stream, if continued for a long time? Notice sand bars, deltas of incoming streams, terraces, floodplains, cut-off bends, bayous, bluffs, rapids and still, deep reaches, and try to account for them. Go to the top of the bluff or bank and look across the channel, or across the valley. Turn and look away from the valley across the upland. How wide is the valley? How deep is it? How far does it extend? Why does the stream have a valley?

Awarded Four Gold Medals.

Every teacher should know them. Use them in teaching Language, History, Geography, Picture Study, etc

SEND TODAY for catalogue of 1,000 miniature illustrations, two pictures and a colored Bird picture. It also tells about the half-cent size, two-cent size, fivecent size and Bird pictures. All for three two-cent stamps.

POSTPAID, SIZE 51⁄2 x 8

Send now for Columbus and Thanksgiving pictures, etc.

25 for 25 cents.

FREDERIC L. ABEL, Director

She who stays long in this stage becomes a mere marker of time.

Method is inferior to device, but she who depends wholly upon method will never be a great teacher.

Real teaching depends upon thoughtfulness. This stage is reached by passing through the other two. It is distinctly philosophical in character.

In this last stage everything is done because of its fitness and reasonableness. Every act fits the conditions and meets the requirements.

The teacher who by experience and study has entered into the philosoph

obey it and the real teacher never thinks of it. To the good teacher work is such a joy that time is never thought

of.

Real teachers use every scrap of time. They capitalize all their time. at the rate of sixty seconds to the minute. Those who complain that they do not have time to do things would. be no better off if the length of the day were doubled.

Institute Outline.

State Superintendent Greathouse and Assistant Superintendent Bunnell have issued a splendid outline of the township institute work for the year 1911-12. If this plan is followed in spirit by the teachers of the State, the township institutes will be worth many

times their cost. The program for each institute shows careful thought and deep insight into school needs. The department of Public Instruction. is to be congratulated for issuing an outline distinctly better than any that have preceded it. The teachers of the State will doubtless respond by doing better work that ever before.

County Institutes.

A study of the workers in the county institutes for this year reveals some interesting facts. In the counties whose workers are reported by State Superintendent Greathouse it is found that sixty-nine men from outside of the State do one hundred eight weeks' work. One hundred and twenty-seven weeks' work is credited to residents of the State. The men and women from the outside are almost without exception of national reputation. They bring much good to the State. They help us to avoid provincialism in our educational growth.

The absence from the list of noted home educational leaders is very marked. Very few names appear from the faculties of the Accredited Schools. The summer school is doubtless responsible for this, as it is also responsible for the bunching of sixty-two of the institutes in two weeks. It is a distinct loss to education not to have more of the great teachers of the State in the institutes. To make this possible, it may be necessary to distribute the meetings through the months of September, October and November.

A New Patriotism.

In our early history we necessarily exalted the patriotism of the soldier. We needed him to defend us from the

Indian and to free us from the bondage of a foreign power. In those days every able-bodied man might be called upon to bear arms in defense of his fireside. It is no wonder that in song and story the deeds of the soldier were given great prominence.

We

Happily these days are past. Real patriotism today has but little to do with war or soldiers. In a population of over 90,000,000 we have only 100,000 soldiers and sailors. We are glad to say that each year finds it more difficult to keep full the ranks of this small army and navy. army and navy. The vast majority of our people must be patriotic without. fifes, drums, uniforms or guns. must show our patriotism by fighting the enemies that now threaten us. The word patriot must come to mean the same as good citizen. The new patriot is the good citizen who enlists for life in the army that is fighting disease, vice, ignorance, greed, and accident. This army destroys, only that it may build. It works to rear structures of health, righteousness, wisdom, altruism and care. The ideals and beauties of this new patriotism should be taught to every child.

Yearly Military Cost.

glory" of militarism may continue. Eight of the nations mentioned are Christian. Is it not possible for Christian civilization and wisdom to give us something better? Something better will surely come if the great majority who do not believe in war rise up and make a mighty and united protest.

The Fourteen Errors of Life. The fourteen mistakes of life, Rentoul recently told the Bartholomew Club, of London, are:

To expect to set up our own standard of right and wrong and expect everybody to conform to it.

To try to measure the enjoyment of others by our own.

To expect uniformity of opinion in this world.

To look for judgment and experience in youth.

Save the Birds.

We are spending millions of dollars in this country to protect our growing crops, our fruits and our trees, from the ravages of insects. It is impossible to destroy these pests or cope successfully with them in the forests and sparsely settled regions. Economically, it would be much better to have the insects destroyed by their natural enemies the birds.

Scientists who have studied the matter carefully are of the opinion that 90 per cent. of the birds in this country have already been destroyed. Whether the remaining 10 per cent. shall vanish, or be allowed to multiply and increase, depends upon the attitude of the people toward them. If we can once actualy realize that the millions of dollars lost every year because of the insects is needless, and can be prevented readily by protecting the birds,

Not to yield in unimportant trifles. To look for perfections in our own. actions.

To worry ourselves about what cannot be remedied.

Not to alleviate if we can all that needs alleviation.

that will actualy protect.

If the woodpecker, the sapsuckers, the robins, the bluejays, the bluebirds, the orioles, the tanigers that formerly preyed upon the coddling moth, now the greatest enemy to apple producers, were protected so that they might again become numerous, the ap

To consider anything impossible simply because we ourselves happen. to be unable to perform it.

To believe only what our finite minds can grasp.

To live as if the moment, the time, the day, were so important that it would live forever.

To estimate people by some outside. quality, for it is that within which makes the man.

more profitable than it is.

The quail and the prairie chicken are the two greatest enemies to the potato bug, the chinchbug and the cotton boll weevil. If these birds were protected until they were again as numerous as they were a quarter of a century ago, the farmers engaged in producing potatoes, wheat and cotton. would be saved many millions of dollars.

Every school in America should be a

center where the value of birds to all phases of agriculture is constantly taught. The protection of the birds is one of the greatest economic questions now before the public.

Coles' Memorial Award. Through the beneficence of the estate of Edward Coles, a unique award is given annually to a member of the senior class in the Bar Harbor, Maine, high school.

The award is $100 in gold. The boy who receives it is selected by the students of the high school. Ballots are prepared containing the names of all the male members of the graduating class. Members of the school board act as clerks and conduct the election under the usual Australian rules. The winner is announced at the commencement exercises.

When the gift was provided the following conditions were fixed: The Edward Coles' Memorial award is to be given to that boy, who, upon graduation from the high school is, in the opinion of his schoolmates, the most honorable and upright, the cleanest living and most unselfish and considerate towards others, without regard to scholarship or athletics. This award is offered in memory of Edward Coles, of Philadelphia, who lived long in this town and who died here suddenly in August, 1906, to keep alive. the remembrance of a truly good man, to set before the youth of this place the ideal of a Christian gentleman as described by the psalmist :

"He who leadeth an uncorrupt life and speaketh the truth from his heart. He who hath no deceit in his tongue nor done evil to his neighbor."

The award has a most wholesome effect upon the spirit of the school. It has produced a thoughtful and considerate attitude that is most commendable. It is believed by those in authority that because of the award the general discipline of the school is much. easier and that the entire attitude of the school toward matters of right is more wholesome.

Parodies as Aids in Teaching Health Principles.

It is very difficult to make health teaching personal enough to be valuable. In too many cases the child studies about health as though it were something foreign to him.

Dr. W. H. Allen, of New York, a great enthusiast upon the matter of health, insists that many health lessons may be enforced by the use of parodies. He thinks that the parody, because it amuses the child, will finally fix and rivet his attention upon the lessons to be taught. To illustrate what he had in mind, Dr. Allen composed the following parody upon the familiar rhyme, "Mary Had a Little Lamb":

Mary had a little cold

That started in her head And everywhere that Mary went That cold was sure to spread.

It followed her to school one day (There wasn't any rule),

It made the children cough and sneeze To have that cold in school.

The teacher tried to drive it out,

She tried hard, but-kerchoo!It didn't do a bit of good,

For teacher caught it, too.