Libertarians and compulsorians, 553 Luxurious consumption, effect on McCulloch, J. R., 477 Machinery, advantages of, 122; farm, Malthus, 395 Man power, conservation of, 460; sources of, 521 Manufacturing establishments, 221 Market value, criticisms on, 267 Marriage, age of, 117 Marshall, Alfred, 223, 351, note, 474 Middleman as a timesaver, 246 Mill, John Stuart, 258, 477 Mineral lands, 98 Miser and spendthrift, 463 Money, one form of social capital, 157; a labor-saving invention, 292; Morality, teaching of, 65; reasons for, National banking system, 311 Occupation, influence of, 214 Opportunity cost, 285 Ox, displacement of, 133; historical Partnership, 168 Peschel, 81, 82 Physiocrats, 563 Population, geographical redistribu- Population, law of, 395 Poverty, how curable, 583 Power, animal, 132; kinds of, 141 Prices, control of, 176 Producers' and consumers' goods, Production, definition of, 87; length- Productive, meaning of, 356 Productivity, great law of, 212 Railway, monopolistic character of a, 242 Railways, 240; public or private, 241– Rent, definition of, 409; reason for, Revenue system, marks of a good, 507 Risk, irksomeness of, 443 Rothamsted experiments, 373 Savings banks, 305 Scarcity, causes of, 281; of labor, causes of, 391 Scientific management, 186 public uses, 35 Sexes, interdependence of, 218 Single tax, 563, 569-571 Skill, cost of acquiring, 390 474, 511, 564 Social income, distribution of, 10; Socialism, and communism, 541; and Society, the coöperative, 177 Spartan communism, 534 Spencer, Herbert, 556 Sprague, O. M. W., 307, note Standard of living, 344, 393, 461, 495 ; Struggle for existence, 37 Strike, the, 406 Sumptuary laws, 486 Taborites, 534 Talent, waste of, 70 Tariff, paid by consumer, 348; paid by foreign producer, 349; when Taussig, F. W., 124, note Taxation, canons of, 511; progressive, Taxes, inheritance, 509 Thrift, 105; and the laborer, 582 Token currency, 301 Tools, compared with machinery, 121; Trade union, 403 Transportation, 233; types in use, Trust, the, 175 Unemployed, the, 66 United States, geographical advan- Unskilled labor, scarcity of, 392 Valuation and exchange, 264 Variable proportions, law of, 367 Vice, as waste of energy, 72; control Wages, causes of difference in, 388; War, financing a, 514 Wealth, two meanings of, 13; and |