rack is hung from the axles by two straps of iron that can be obtained from any blacksmith at very little expense.

FODDER RACK

PULLING FENCE POSTS

An easy and practical method of pulling fence posts, by which all digging and hand labor is eliminated, is here shown. Take a plank 4 feet long,

I foot wide and make a V-shaped notch in one end, nailing on several crosspieces to prevent splitting. This plank is used to change the horizontal draft to the vertical.

Place one end of chain around the post close to ground. Incline the plank against the post so the lower end of the plank will be about 11⁄2 or 2 feet from the base of the post. Place the chain in the notch of the plank, start the team and the post in a few seconds will be clear of the ground.

In moving fences the chain should be attached to the rear axle of the wagon, so the posts may at once be loaded and hauled to the new location of the fence.

ONE WAY TO PULL STUMPS

A Connecticut man has a very handy device for pulling peach stumps from old orchards, and can E

pull 200 or more a day by this means. The limbs are cut off and the stumps, E, left as long as possible. A short rope or chain with a single pulley is attached to the top of the stump. The anchor rope, B, which runs through the pulley, is fastened to the bottom of a stout stump, A.

A pair of steady horses is attached to the rope and always pull toward the anchor stump. With

a steady pull there is no jumping or jerking, and they will walk right off as if pulling a loaded wagon. Use about 60 feet of 1-inch rope, which costs $2.40, and the pulley, $1.75, making a total cost of $4.15.

I

SIMPLE LAND MEASURE

Having much land measuring to do that requires greater accuracy than just "stepping it off," make a simple affair like this. The manner of construction is made plain. Use hardwood pieces; % or 34 x 1 inch is heavy enough. Have lower points exactly 5 feet 6 inches apart. Make a round head on the handle. Grasp the top lightly in hand, holding at the side, whirl handle to bring rear point to front, moving off in direction to be measured. Continue to revolve measure, changing points in advancing. It takes three lengths to the rod.

THE MEASURE

STORING WATER

An easy way to make a reservoir at the spring is to throw up a bank, perhaps laying a wall first, founding it below the surface. Should the soil be such that water percolates through it, face the soil with loam on top and puddle. it well. If this leaks, face it with clay and puddle the clay. These rules apply to all dams made of stone and earth.

Pipes entering reservoirs should enter at the bottom and the soil be well puddled around them

to prevent the water working through beside the pipe. Each pipe must have a strainer over its supply end and have no air holes in its entire length.

A good strainer can be made from a piece of large lead pipe punched full of holes. One end may be flattened or turned over and the other drawn on over the end of the water pipe. Let nobody suppose that simple, inexpensive arrangements are faulty because primitive. If constructed correctly and in line with natural laws, they are not only all right, but are preferable to fancy, complicated devices that get out of order easily or in a year or two and require a master mechanic to put them into working condition again.

GETTING A SUPPLY OF FUEL

PA

beneath.

PLAN for getting up the year's supply of fuel is suggested as follows: Fell the trees on the ground with a small sapling under them, SO a log chain can be passed Then a logging bob (Figure 1) is tipped up on its side. near the end of the log; a chain is hooked to the bolster near the ground, passed under the log and over the top runner of the bob and the team hitched to the end of the chain. A quick pull of the team and the bob comes down on both runners, with the log on the top of the bolster.

The log is now drawn to some sheltered place near the woodhouse and sawed into stove lengths with a 6-inch crosscut saw on the skidway shown in Figure 2. The limbs are trimmed in the woods, drawn on a pair of bobs to the shop, where there

is a three-horse power boiler and two-horse power engine, and are sawed at the rate of 12 cords an

FIGURE 1-LOGGING BOB

hour with a buzz saw. A handy device can be made of two crotched limbs, as shown in Figure 3, to saw large limbs on. A 2-inch auger hole is

FIGURE 2-SKIDWAY

bored where the limbs branch, and a hardwood limb driven tightly into the hole.

The following described device (Figure 4) is very handy to hold and lower the tree after sawing