mount up to an almost inconceivable total, and I really cannot think that the statesmen of the United States would be willing to let in these enormous claims for the sake of insisting upon a point which practically, and in its immediate application, is not important, though I admit that indirectly it may have considerable importance."

6.-Came on for hearing in the Rolls Court, the case of Lord Brougham v. Dr. Cauvin, being a claim for literary work performed by desire and for the interest of the plaintiff. From the preliminary proceedings which took place in this case it appeared that Dr. Cauvin was selected by Lord Brougham to prepare the memoir of his life, and in particular to look over and arrange the letters received from King William, Lord Melbourne, and other eminent men during the past half-century. There was no bargain as to remuneration, nor was there any principle laid down by which remuneration was to be afterwards fixed. When the first volume approached completion, Dr. Cauvin made an application for payment, on account, of a sum so large as induced William Brougham, on behalf of his brother, to object till a statement was furnished of the entire probable payment expected. Dr. Cauvin thereupon refused to restore the letters and other documents entrusted to him; and the aid of the Court of Chancery was now sought to enforce recovery of them. A special claim was made to-day to have Lord Murray's letters delivered up, but the Chief Clerk thought they had better remain in Dr. Cauvin's possession till an order was made regarding the whole. When the case came up for judgment in July 1869, the Court awarded 330/. to the defendant, and costs from the period he offered to submit the dispute to a referee.

7.-Fall of the premises in the Strand formerly occupied by Holloway and Son. The building was about to be removed in connexion with the improvements around the new Law Courts.

9.-The Scotch Reform Bill read a second time without a division. In the early part of the debate an amendment was moved by Mr. Hadfield opposing any increase of members of the House, but it was not pressed to a division.

10-Debate on Mr. Maguire's motion, that the House resolve itself into a Committee to take the condition of Ireland into immediate consideration. The chief interest in the discussion was excited by Lord Mayo making a declaration of the intended Irish policy of the Government. A Commission was to be appointed to inquire into the whole state of the relations between landlord and tenant; and in the meantime a bill would be introduced providing for an easy compensation for money laid out in improvements, and another for rendering more efficient the working of Irish railways. The question of the general education of the people was already under the consideration of

a Commission; and with regard to the Universities, the Government proposed to leave Trinity and the Queen's Colleges as they were, and to grant a charter to a Roman Catholic University. The senate would consist of a chancellor and a vice-chancellor, four prelates nominated by the Roman Catholic hierarchy, and six elected laymen. With regard to endowment, it would of course be necessary to ask Parliament to provide for the expenses of the building, and the officers and professors, and probably Parliament would not feel indisposed to endow certain University scholarships. He could not propose the endowment of any colleges until something was known of what the nature of the colleges were likely to be. With regard to the Irish Church, it was not proposed to take any immediate action during the present session of Parliament. Seeing that an inquiry was now going on, which would be completed in the course of a few months, it was not desirable to legislate until the result of that inquiry was made known He did not believe that the Irish Church could be overthrown without a fierce and protracted struggle; and if it were to fall, it would inflict incalculable injury on the country.—The debate was protracted over four nights, and ended in the withdrawal of Mr. Maguire's resolution. On the third night, Mr. Bright spoke against the Government proposals. I recollect," he said, "that Addison, a good while ago now, writing about the curious things that happened in his time, said there was a man in his county -I do not know whether it was in Bucking hamshire or not-(a laugh)-he was not a Cabinet Minister, he was only a mountebank(great laughter)-but this man set up a stal and to the country people he offered to sel pills that were very good against the earthquake. (Roars of laughter.)" And then Mr. Bright went on to apply his story by showing that there was a social and political earthquake in Ireland, and that the proposal to found a University for the sons of the Catholic gentlemen of Ireland was Mr. Disraeli's pill against the earthquake.-Mr. Gladstone and Mr. Dis raeli wound up the debate on the 16th. The former went at considerable length into the question of education in Ireland, the land laws and the Church. Speaking of appeals which had been made urging the Irish people to loyalty and union, Mr. Gladstone concluded: "*su, that is our object too, but I am afraid that as to the means the differences are still profound, and it is idle, it is mocking, to use words unless we can sustain them by corresponding substance. That substance can be supplied only by the unreserved devotion of our efforts now, in this, perhaps the last, stage of the Irish crisis, to remove the scandal and the mischief which have so long weakened and afflicted the empire. For that work I trust strength will be given to us. If we are prudent men, I hope we shall endeavour as far as in us lies to make some provision for a contingent, a doubtful, and pro bably a dangerous future. If we be chivalrous men, I trust we shall endeavour to wipe away

If

The

all those stains which the civilized world has for ages seen, or seemed to see, on the shield of England in her treatment of Ireland. we be compassionate men, I hope we shall now, once for all, listen to the tale of woe which comes from her, and the reality of which, if not its justice, is testified by the continued migration of her people-that we shall 'raze out the written troubles from her brain, and pluck from her memory the rooted sorrow.' (Cheers.) But, above all, if we be just men, we shall go forward in the name of truth and right, bearing this in mind-that, when the case is proved, and the hour is come, justice delayed is justice denied."-Mr. Disraeli described himself as the most unfortunate of Ministers in being called upon to deal with "the crisis of a national controversy" almost before he had taken his seat. "But," he asked, "what was the first element of this portentous crisis? It was the suspension of the Habeas Corpus. But the Government found it so when they came to office. They found that their predecessors, at whose head was the right hon. gentleman, attached much more gravity to this state of things then than they did now. other elements of the crisis were Emigration and the Irish Church. But the right hon. gentleman had been a powerful member of the most powerful Government of the present day, yet he had not until now felt the immediate, urgent necessity of dealing with these questions. The Government had already intimated that they were prepared to deal with every one of the questions raised by the right hon. gentleman when the proper time came; but in his opinion the first was the Irish Reform Bill, which would have been brought in that night if it had not been for this debate. He protested against the assumption that the Government intended to ask the House to endow and charter a Roman Catholic University. What they intended was to ask it to pay the same expenses as they did for the London University. The Government desired to show their recognition of the fact that something must be done for higher education in Ireland, and had proposed what they thought a most practicable plan, against which he had heard no valid objection.". Speaking of the religious feelings of the Irish, Mr. Disraeli said: "If there is a people who may be described as the most religious people in the world, it is the people of Ireland. It is there no affair of race; and whether a man be Presbyterian, or Anglican, or Roman, religion is one of the great elements of his life, and the day does not pass without religious convictions exercising an immense influence over his actions. Now, I say that a religious people will always be in favour of ecclesiastical endowments. They may quarrel among themselves upon particular points, but a religious people will always be in favour of co-operations that give importance and precision to their convictions; and therefore I think that we are embarking in a very dan-gerous course when, at a period at which no one could have anticipated it, a right hon. gentle

man of great standing in the country comes forward suddenly, as it were from ambush-(oh, oh)-and announces that he proposes to destroy an institution which he has himself often advocated, and which he has told us to-night has existed from the time of the Tudors: but we are invited to follow this policy in deference to the principles of a greater master upon this subject, who, with the honourable candour which, I think, is part of his character, nas told us what is the issue at stake-namely, whether we should terminate in this country ecclesiastical endowments." Describing it as an indecency on the part of the present House of Commons to attempt to settle the question of the Irish Church without appealing to the enlarged constituencies, Mr. Disraeli concluded: "No one pretends that the material effect of endowments is not advantageous to Ireland, and there is no doubt that their abolition would be injurious. It would deprive a country which complains of an absentee proprietary of many residents who are men of character, with some affluence, and whose social action is admitted to be beneficial. It strikes me as a general principle that our mission in Ireland should be to create, and not to destroy. (Cheers.) If the Church in Ireland is violently abolished, I should say you would add immensely to the elements of discord, violence, and confiscation."

11. In answer to a deputation which waited upon him with a memorial against Mr. Bouverie's bill admitting Dissenters to the full enjoyment of University honours, the Archbishop of Canterbury said: "Having been myself, as a Royal Commissioner, instrumental in the settlement by which, ten years since, the endowments of those Colleges were secured to the Church, I cannot be a party to any measure which would disturb that settlement, while it placed the government of the University, and the training of our youth within it, in the hands of those who might feel themselves in conscience bound, not only to exclude from their teaching the distinctive doctrines of the Church of England, but even to sap the foundations of Christianity. What would be the character of the religious instruction given by those who might be of any creed or of no creed, I will not attempt to describe; but of this we may be assured, that under such a system religious teaching would in time be altogether abolished."

Tried at Manchester Assizes, William Dodd, treasurer of an Operative House-painters' Association, charged with having embezzled the funds of the Society to the amount of 800/., and also with having forged a banker's pass-book in order to conceal his defalcations. The facts were not disputed; but the defence set up was that the association was an illegal one, and that the charge of embezzlement could not, therefore, be sustained. With regard to the charge of forgery, it was urged that in law there was no account in existence as between the bankers and the society, and that, therefore, the crime of forgery could not have been com.

mitted. Mr. Justice Lush, after consulting with Mr. Justice Mellor, decided against both these pleas. Although," said his Lordship, "it had been held that trade societies were not within the protection of the Friendly Societies Act, and therefore could not avail themselves of the special remedies given by that Act, they were in no other sense illegal societies, and their property, as well as their persons, were as much protected as the property and the persons of any other society." The prisoner was found guilty, and sentenced to five years' penal servitude. (See Jan. 16, 1867.)

12.-Attempted assassination of the Duke of Edinburgh at Sydney. In the course of his visits over the colony the Duke consented to join in a picnic at Clontarf, organized partly in his own honour, and partly to benefit the funds of a Sailors' Home. While engaged in conversation with Sir William Manning, a little apart from the Governor and the Lord Chief Justice, a person was observed to take deliberate aim at his Royal Highness with a revolver, and, before the design could be frustrated, fire one barrel. The shot took effect about the middle of the back, an inch or two to the right of the spine. The Duke fell forward on his hands and knees, exclaiming, "Good God! my back is broken." Sir William Manning instantly rushed on the assassin, who leaped back a step and aimed the weapon at Sir William. Stoop. ing to evade the shot he lost his balance and fell. The second charge did not explode, and the third entered the ground, the assassin being seized at the moment of firing and his hands pinioned to his sides by Mr. Vial. His Royal Highness was conveyed to his tent with all gentleness and promptness, as it was evident he was suffering great pain. On examining the wound, it was found that the bullet had traversed the course of the ribs round by the right to the abdomen, and lodged there immediately below the surface. No vital part appeared to have been touched, and there was hope from the first that if the bullet could be extracted any fatal result might be avoided. To the anxious crowds who pressed round the tent the Duke sent a message: "I am not much hurt; I shall be better presently." He never lost consciousness, though he experienced considerable prostration from loss of blood and the shock to his nervous system. At five o'clock his Royal Highness was placed on a litter and borne by men of the Galatea to the deck of the Morpeth, a solemn silence being preserved by the people, who stood on either side while the cortège passed. The Prince, who was lying upon a stretcher with a soft mattress under him, and his head supported by pillows, was lowered into his barge, which was manned by a number of his own sailors. On arriving at the landing-place he was carefully raised out of the boat. The moment the assassin was seized a crowd gathered round him, and it was for some time feared that the people would not be dissuaded from inflicting summary vengeance on the spot. As it was, he was cut and bruised to an extent which made

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his removal to Darlinghurst prison a labour of some difficulty. He gave his name as Henry James O'Farrel, and plainly avowed that his intention was to have murdered his Royal Highness. It was at first widely reported that he was only one of several Fenian emissaries who had cast lots to take the Duke's life; but this was afterwards disowned, and whatever his own political views were, it did not appear that any one beside himself was acquainted with the in tended assassination. "I wish," O'Farrel said in his confession, distinctly to assert that there was not a human being in existence who had the slightest idea of the object I had in view when I meditated on-and, through the merci ful providence of God, failed in carrying into effect-the death of the Duke of Edinburgh. I have written to the printers of two Irish periodicals an address to the people of Ireland. So certain was I of the death of the Duke of Edinburgh, that I stated therein that which I believed would be the fact; and I think I have more than implied that I was but one of an organization to carry the same into effect. I need but say that the truth of the latter portion rests upon a slighter foundation than the former: in fact, that, unless from mere hearsay, I had no foundation for stating that there was a Fenian organization in New South Wales." Afte various preliminary investigations O'Farrel was tried on the 26th, found guilty, and executed on the 21st April. The recovery of the Prince was so rapid that on the 18th he was pro nounced convalescent; on the 24th he walked out and paid a visit to the Galatea, and on the 25th personally interceded with the governor favour of O'Farrel. Though progressing tha far favourably, it was thought the climate migh be against a complete recovery, and his Royal Highness was therefore ordered home with the Galatea. He received before leaving many evidences of the loyalty of the colonists, and the horror with which they viewed the attempt made upon his life.

13. In the House of Lords the Duke of Argyll, when calling attention to the incon venience arising out of the ratepaying clauses of the Reform Act of last session, took occ sion to censure Government for abandoning every issue they had raised in the discussion the question, and the Conservative party for permitting themselves to be "educated" out of every opinion they had expressed. The misrepresentation (he said) in the letter of the Prime Minister of the points at issue between the two great contending parties was so broad -he had almost said so gross-that he con ceived it absolutely necessary, for the honest of the Liberal party-for the honour of Parliament that some of the misrepresentation should be exposed. As to the principle of rating, "it was utterly untrue" that it had ever been a point at issue between the two great parties a statement which the noble Duke sought to substantiate by a reference to the Premier's speeches, wherein it was stated that the most preposterous consequences would

arise from the adoption of a rating instead of a value qualification. "And yet," he repeated, "this very Minister now alleged that for seven years he had been urging this as a most important point upon the conscience and conviction of the country." His account of the Reform contest was entirely inaccurate, and wholly unjustified by the facts of the case; and he was grieved to observe that people seemed to be amused rather than shockedwere, indeed, beginning to regard these things as the ordinary tricks of professional politicians.-The Lord Chancellor in the course of his reply said: "The term 'personal rating' is an equivocal term, and I could not help thinking that in the latter and larger part of his speech the noble Duke gave about as conspicuous an instance as could well be imagined of the personal rating which he so strongly deprecated. There is, however, one misfortune about the personal rating of this kind, that the person rated happens not to be a member of your Lordships' House; and I undertake to tell the noble Duke that if he had been a member of this House there would have been no doubt whatever that the rating would have been amply repaid." The Lord Chancellor then went on to defend the Premier from the false issues which he described as having been raised by the Duke of Argyll concerning the disputed Edinburgh speech. The question was, whether the Prime Minister admitted that he had pursued the tactics denounced by Earl Russell. "I indignantly deny that anything of the kind was said at Edinburgh. The noble Duke became extremely fervid and eloquent about the tricks of politicians and the honour of your Lordships' House. I rejoice to think that in your Lordships' House accuracy of statement has always been regarded as it ought to be. I think, therefore, that before any member of the House makes a charge against the First Minister of the Crown, who cannot be here to rebut it, to the effect that he made at Edinburgh a particular statement which would have the result of depriving his Government of confidence, he ought at least to be satisfied that such a statement was made." Earl Russell supported the Duke of Argyll, and complained that the charges against the Government had not been fairly met.

13.--Monsignor Lucien Buonaparte and eight other ecclesiastics created cardinals.

14. His Excellency the Hon. C. T. Adams presented with an address by the British branch of the International League of Peace and Liberty on the occasion of retiring from the American Embassy in London.

ing with various misfortunes, consequent on a voyage he had undertaken twenty-seven years ago, he reached Australia, and remained there up to the time of his leaving for England. He was admitted by the deceased lady to be her son, and was in immediate and friendly relation with her up to the time of her death; but his identity was denied by the other members of the family interested in the disposal of the property. At the funeral, on the 20th, the two parties quarrelled, and Lord Arundel of Wardour, the uncle of the infant now in possession of the estates, withdrew from the procession.

16.-Died at Torquay, aged 64, Dr. Robert Lee, of Old Greyfriars, Edinburgh, a prominent minister of the Scotch Church, and Professor of Biblical Criticism in the University of Edinburgh.

19.-The Earl of Mayo introduces the Irish Reform Bill into the House of Commons. It proposed to fix the borough franchise at 41, occupiers below that rental not paying rates in Ireland. Dublin was to have a third member on the three-cornered principle, and there was to be a limited redistribution of seats, but no alteration in the number of members.

20.-In Paris, M. Greunier of the Figaro, and M. Richard of the Situation, were finedthe former 1,000 fr., the latter 5,000 fr.--for publishing articles disrespectful to the Législatif body.

"Captain" Mackay, a Fenian leader, sentenced to twelve years' penal servitude for treason-felony.

21.-Defeat of the Papal party in Vienna. At to-day's sitting of the Upper House of the Reichsrath, a proposal of Count Mensdorff, that the debate upon the Civil Marriage Bill should be adjourned, was defeated by 65 votes against 45, and the proposals of the minority of the Committee were then rejected by 69 against 34 votes. In to-day's sitting of the Committee of the Upper House of the Reichsrath upon the Public Schools Bill, the majority agreed to all the principal features of the bill as passed by the Lower House. The minority proposed that the bill should be referred to a committee, which should be instructed to draw up a new bill, having for its basis the preservation of the influence of the Roman Catholic Church over the religious and moral education of the young, and the maintenance of the denominational system in the popular middle schools.

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The remains of the Italian patriot, Daniel Manin, conveyed with great pomp to Venice.

23. Mr. Gladstone gives notice of his in. tention to move the following resolutions on the subject of the Irish Church: "First, that in the opinion of this House it is necessary that the Established Church of Ireland should cease to exist as an Establishment-due regard being had to all personal interests and

to all individual rights of property. Secondly, that, subject to the foregoing considerations, it is expedient to prevent the creation of new personal interests by the exercise of any public patronage, and to confine the operations of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners of Ireland to objects of immediate necessity or involving individual rights, pending the final decision of Parliament. And third, that an address be presented to her Majesty, humbly to pray that, with a view to the purposes aforesaid, her Majesty be graciously pleased to place at the disposal of Parliament her interest in the temporalities of the archbishoprics, bishoprics, and other ecclesiastical dignities and benefices in Ireland, and in the custodies thereof." Mr. Disraeli undertook that arrangements would be made for commencing the discussion on Monday the 30th.

23.-President Johnson files answers to the articles of impeachment denying all the charges preferred against him. A delay of thirty days was requested, but refused by 41 to 12 votes.

24.-The Duke of Marlborough lays on the table of the House of Lords the Government measure relating to elementary education. It was proposed to give payments for results on a secular principle, so that when a school offered itself to be inspected, and showed that it complied with the conditions of the grant as to sanitary arrangements and space, it should not be denied the benefit of the Government grant. At the same time, it was intended to insert in the schedule of the bill the management clauses which relate to Church of England and other denominational schools, exactly as they now stand. In order that small schools, in poorer districts, might participate in the grant, it was proposed, without abandoning the system of certificates, to take a limit below which schools might receive a portion of the annual grant without the employment of a certificated teacher.

In reply to an address from the Conservative and Constitutional Association, the Premier writes to the President, the Earl of Dartmouth: "We have heard something lately of the crisis of Ireland. In my opinion, the crisis of England is rather at hand; for the purpose is now avowed, and that by a powerful party, of destroying that sacred union between the Church and State which has hitherto been the chief means of our civilization, and is the only security for our religious liberty.' The Earl of Derby, in reply to another address, wrote: "It was not without a pang, and only under a conviction of the absolute necessity of the step, that I found myself compelled to ask permission to withdraw from the service of a Sovereign to whose gracious favour I am so deeply indebted, and to sever my official connexion with a party which for so many years has honoured me with its confidence, and for Inany members of which I entertain a personal as well as political regard. It was, however, very satisfactory to me to be em

President Johnson vetoes the bill prohibiting appeals from the Circuit to the Spreme Court, on the ground that it leaves cases involving life and liberty wholly exposed to the judgment of the inferior courts, and has a retrospective effect in interdicting appeals already before the Supreme Court.

27.-Amid great cheering from the Minis terialists, Lord Stanley announced his intention this evening of proposing the following amendment on Monday next on the motion for ging into Committee on the Irish Church Establish ment :-"That this House, while admitting that considerable modifications in the temporalities of the United Church in Ireland may, after pending inquiry, appear to be expedient, is of opinion that any proposition tending to the disestablishment or disendowment of that Church ought to be reserved for the decision of the new Parliament." In answer to Mr. Gladstone, Lord Stanley said his resolution was not to be proposed as an amendment Committee, but at the first stage of the dis cussion, on the motion that the Speaker leave the chair.

28.-Sir R. Phillimore delivers the judg ment of the Arches Court in the ritual case of Martin v. Mackonochie. The cases of incense and mixing water with the wine were decided to be illegal. Lighted candles during the cele bration of Holy Communion the Dean held to be lawful; and with regard to the fourth charge-the "elevation" of the elements-that