Clerk proceeded to sum up the evidence, resuming when the Court opened next morning (the tenth day of trial), and continuing till one o'clock. The jury then retired to consider their verdict, and were absent about half an hour. On returning, their chancellor gave in the following:-"The jury find the panel not guilty of the first charge in the indictment by a majority; of the second charge, not proven, by a majority; and of the third charge, also, not proven, by a majority." The verdict was received with great applause, which the officers of the Court attempted in vain to suppress. 30.-Mr. Berkeley's motion in favour of the ballot rejected by 257 to 189 votes. July 1. The Fox screw-steamer, fitted out by Lady Franklin, and commanded by Captain M'Clintock, sails in search of the Franklin Expedition. The Queen, accompanied by_Prince Albert, several members of the Royal Family, and the Prince of Prussia, visits Manchester, and inspects the Art Treasures Exhibition. 2. The new statutes for the regulation of Oxford Colleges published in the Gazette. Sir Henry Lawrence wounded by a shell, which burst in the room occupied by him in the Residency, Lucknow. He lingered in great agony till the morning of the 4th, when this wise ruler and gallant soldier expired. Lieut.General. Barnard died next day, from wounds received before Delhi. Stormy discussion in the Ionian House of Assembly, regarding a rumoured proposal to cede Corfu to Great Britain. 3.-Ten persons drowned at Shrewsbury, when leaving M. Jullien's musical fête, held on the Island of Poplars. During the rush of spectators to reach the shore at the close of the performance, the bridge of boats gave way, and about 150 were thrown into the river. The majority were speedily rescued by persons who thronged the bank, but those swamped beneath the centre punt, which had been maliciously upset, being unable to extricate themselves, were drowned. 8.-Lord Palmerston, in answer to Mr. G. Berkeley, explains that the opposition of Great Britain to the construction of the Suez Canal was based, first, on the fact that it would tend to the more easy separation of Egypt from Turkey, and would therefore be in direct violation of a policy supported by war and the treaty of Paris; second, "remote speculations with regard to easier access to our Indian possessions only requiring to be indistinctly shadowed forth to be fully appreciated." 10. The Bill introduced by Government for admitting Jews into Parliament thrown out on the second reading in the House of Lords by a majority of 173 to 139; the proxies in the minority numbering 48, and in the majority 64. 10.-Letters arrive in London this evening with intelligence of the rapid spread of the mutiny in the Bengal provinces. A Trieste des. patch, in anticipation of the Overland Mail, brought news from Calcutta to the 7th June, and from Bombay to the 15th. By the latter route there was news from Delhi to the 8th June, when the heights around the city were in posses sion of the British troops. At the time the mail left, news of the capture of the place was hourly expected. 11.-Cabinet Council called to consider the alarming intelligence received from India. The command of the troops was offered to Sir Colin Campbell, who took his departure next day. The Queen lays the foundation-stone of the Royal Victoria Patriotic Asylum, to be erected by the Royal Patriotic Fund Commis sioners, on Wandsworth Common, for the accommodation of 300 daughters of soldiers, sailors, and marines. From a statement made by the Royal Commissioners, it appeared that the total subscriptions to the fund amounted to 1,458,000l. Of this sum England and Wales contributed 384,990/.; Scotland, 149,746.; Ireland, 60,0467.; Army, Navy, Dockyards, &c., 12,099/.; British Possessions, 315,389; British residents and others in foreign countries, 30,7711. Besides giving immediate relief to about 4,000 widows and 5,000 children, the Commissioners had purchased for 25,000!. eighteen nominations to the Wellington Col. lege for the education of the sons of military men; for 3,000l. five nominations to the Cambridge Asylum for widows of non-commissioned officers and privates; also, eleven presentations to the Naval and Military School at Ports mouth, and thirteen to that of Plymouth. The payment to the widows of non-commissioned officers ranged from 55. to 7s. a week, with 25. for the first, and Is. for every additional child. The widows of colonels and the corresponding ranks received 667. a year, with 161. for each child; those of ensigns, 271. a year, and 10!. for each child. 12.-General Nicholson destroys a large body of Sepoy rebels at Sealcote. 13. Sir Frederick Thesiger opens the great contest for the Earldom of Shrewsbury by addressing the House of Lords on behalf of the claimant, the Right Honourable Henry John Chetwynd Talbot, Earl Talbot. The freedom of the City of London presented to Prince Frederick William of Prussia. In acknowledging the honour, he expressed a hope that the future happiness of the Princess Royal, his affianced bride, might prove equal to his endeavours to secure it, and to the devoted and hearty attachment which he bore to the Queen, her mother. 14.-The Government accept Lord Gode rich's motion, "That the experience acquired since the issuing of the Order in Council of the 21st of May, 1855, is in favour of the adoption of the principle of competition as a condition of entrance to the Civil Service; and that the application of that principle ought to be extended in conformity with the resolution of the House agreed to on the 21st April, 1856." 15. Massacre of Cawnpore. The mutiny here broke out on the forenoon of the 7th of June, and from that day to the 24th an almost incessant fire was kept up on the intrenched camp, where General Wheeler and the whole of the Europeans had congregated. On the last-mentioned day a message was sent by Nana Sahib, chief of Bithoor, offering to allow them all to go to Allahabad in safety, if they would abandon the intrenchment, and give up the treasures and stores in the camp. The proposal was assented to by General Wheeler, and for the two days following the frightened residents in the intrenchment enjoyed comparative quiet to prepare for the journey. "On the 26th," writes Lieutenant Delafosse (one of only four survivors of this treacherous scheme), "a committee of officers went to the river to see that the boats were ready and serviceable; and everything being reported ready, and carriages for the wounded having arrived, we gave over our guns, &c., and marched on the morning of the 27th of June, about seven o'clock. We got down to the river and into the boats without being molested in the least, but no sooner were we in the boats, and had laid down our muskets, and taken off our coats to work easier at the boats, than the cavalry gave the order to fire. Two guns that had been hidden were run out and opened on us immediately, while Sepoys came from all directions and kept up a fire. The men jumped out of the boats, and, instead of trying to get the boats loose from their moorings, swam to the first boat they saw loose. Only three boats got safely over to the opposite side of the river, but were met there by two field-pieces, guarded by a number of cavalry and infantry. Before these boats had got a mile down the stream, half our small party were either killed or wounded, and two of our boats had been swamped. We had now only one boat, crowded with wounded, and having on board more than she could carry. The two guns followed us the whole of the day, the infantry firing on us the whole of that night." Those in the boats who were not killed by the fire of the Sepoys were seized and carried back to Cawnpore, where the men were all shot, and the women carried to a building which had been formerly used as an assembly room, and kept close prisoners. They were not kept long in suspense as to their fate. The Nana having learned on the 15th that the British troops had carried the bridge over the Pandoo Nuddee, and that nothing could stop the irresistible march of Havelock's column, issued, through the Begum, a frightful order to slay the entire company. His instructions were but too faithfully obeyed. The Begum approached the building in which the Europeans were confined, accompanied by five men, each armed with a sabre; two of them appeared to be Hindoo peasants; two were known to be butchers, Mahommedans; and one was dressed in the red uniform of the Maharajah's body-guard. The horrible work commenced by half-a-dozen Sepoys discharging their muskets at random through the windows upon the defenceless victims. The five men armed with sabres were then observed to enter the building quietly, and close the doors. What next took place no one was spared to relate. Shrieks and scuffling were heard at significant intervals, acquainting those outside that the hired executioners were earning their pay. The one in the red uniform was observed to come to the door twice, and obtain a new sabre in exchange for one handed out hacked and broken. The noise gradually lessened, and at nightfall the executioners could lock the doors and retire from the building, with the feeble moans of a few half-slaughtered women ringing in their ears. Three at least survived till the morning (the 16th), when the doors of the slaughter-house were once more opened, and the naked bodies and dismembered limbs dragged ignominiously across the compound to a dry well situated behind some trees which grew near by. The three (writes Mr. Trevelyan) prayed for the sake of God that an end might be put to their suffering. Their prayer was heard. Their bodies were cast with the others into the well, and the bloody work fitly finished by the slaughter of two fair-haired children, who in some unknown manner had escaped the sword the night before, and were now moving in childish terror about the well. One person was of opinion that the man who threw them in first took the trouble to kill the children-others thought not. "I have seen the fearful slaughter-house," writes the Times correspondent, "and also saw one of the First Native Infantry men, according to order, wash up part of the blood which stains the floor before burying; the quantities of dresses, clogged thickly with blood, children's frocks, frills, and ladies' under-clothing of all kinds, also boys' trousers, leaves of Bibles, and of one book in particular which seemed to be strewed over the whole place, called 'Preparation for Death,' also broken daguerreotype cases only, lots of them, and hair, some nearly a yard long; bonnets all bloody, and one or two shoes. I picked up a bit of paper with on it 'Ned's hair, with love,' and opened, I found a little bit tied up with a riband.' An officer in Havelock's corps thus describes the appearance of the place when the avenging army entered the town on the 17th:-"I was directed to the house where all the poor miserable ladies had been murdered. It was alongside the Cawnpore Hotel, where the Nana lived. I never was more horrified. The place was one mass of blood. I am not exaggerating when I tell you that the soles of my boots were more than covered with the blood of these poor wretched creatures. Portions of their dresses, collars, children's socks, and ladies' round hats, lay about, saturated with blood; and in the swordcuts on the wooden pillars of the room long dark hair was carried by the edge of the weapon, and there hung their tresses-a most painful sight. I have often wished since that I had never been there, but sometimes wish that every soldier was taken there, that he might witness the barbarities our poor countrywomen suffered. Their bodies were afterwards dragged out and thrown down a well outside the building, where their limbs were to be seen sticking out in a mass of gory confusion." Nana Sahib did not venture to make a stand at Bithoor, whither he first fled after the massacre, and General Havelock, after occcupying Cawnpore, took possession of his palace without firing a shot. Leaving General Neill, who came up from Benares, in charge of Cawnpore, Havelock set out towards Lucknow, dealing out to the rebels as he went along a full measure of stern retribution. 16. Mr. Roebuck's motion, declaring the authority of the House weakened by the Government entering on a war with Persia without laying papers before members, rejected, after two nights' discussion, by a majority of 352 against 38. Died, aged 77, J. P. Béranger, national poet of France. 17.-In consequence of the fitting out of a French expedition at Marseilles, Lord Brougham moves an address to her Majesty, praying that she would give no encouragement to the scheme of importing Africans to her own tropical dominions, and would use her influence with her allies to discountenance any such project. dress agreed to. Ad 20. The exhibition of the eighty-three competitive designs for the Wellington monument to be erected in St. Paul's, thrown open to public inspection in Westminster Hall. The designs shown were generally considered inappropriate and trifling, and none of them judged worthy to be accepted by the public as a full expression of their feelings towards the late Duke. Great excitement in the metropolis, caused by the false announcement, said to be sent through Russian sources, that the whole of the Bombay army had revolted and united itself to the Bengal mutineers. Kerr and Gilbertson, two men of the artisan class, sentenced by the Edinburgh High Court of Justiciary to twenty-one years' penal servitude for being concerned in a series of shop robberies committed last winter. The Transit, Government steamship, ends a long series of disasters by running ashore at Banca. The failure of this and two sister ships, the Urgent and Perseverance, was the subject of frequent discussion in Parliament. The Transit had been selected to convey the House of Lords to the memorable Naval Review at Spithead, in 1855, and, as many anticipated, duly failed. When she now struck she was engaged in conveying troops to China. She left Spithead with 700 on board, on April 7, but on the following night, while anchored near the Needles, swung on to her anchors and knocked a hole in her bottom. This damage was repaired, and she sailed again, on her voyage across the Bay of Biscay, but shipped so much water that she half drowned her passengers in their berths, and put into Corunna in great distress. She lay there some time undergoing repairs and alterations, and then sailed for the East. To-day she put a final close to all speculations as to her seaworthiness by running on a reef in the Straits of Banca. Assistance was sent from Singapore, and the troops and crew transferred to another vessel without any casualty. 21. The contest for the City of Oxford results in Mr. Cardwell polling 1,085 votes against Mr. Thackeray's 1,018. As the result of various negotiations and brief debates in the House since the rejec tion of the Oaths Bill by the Lords, Lord John Russell obtains leave to introduce another bill, permitting members to take the oaths in the form and manner most binding on their con science. 24. The opposition to the Divorce Bill having manifested itself by repeated attempts to get it thrown out on points of order, Lord Palmerston intimated to-night—at the close of a long discussion on Mr. Henley's motion, to defer further consideration of it for a month-that in order to carry it among certain other important measures, he proposed to continue the session, if necessary, to September. "I hope," he added, “it may be unnecessary to sit for so long a period, but it is trifling with our duties -it is trifling with the great interests committed to our charge-to say that because it happens now to be the 24th of July we are not to take into consideration a measure so important in itself, so anxiously expected by the country, and which for years has occupied public attention." Mr. Henley's motion was negatived by 217 to 130. to 27.-At the Durham Assizes, Robert Balleny, a magistrate of the county, was sentenced pay a fine of 2007., or suffer one year's imprisonment, for having unlawfully and by colour of his office extorted the sum of one pound sterling from two men brought before him on a charge of trespassing upon his lands in pursuit of game. Debate in the House of Commons on our recent policy in India raised by Mr. Disraeli's motion for the immediate production of papers connected with the present outbreak. Noticing the trifling importance which had been attached to the mutiny by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, as a mere sudden impulse occasioned by superstitious feeling, and also Lord Dalhousie's statement made at the close of his administration, that the condition of the native soldier had long been such as hardly to admit of improvement,- Mr. Disraeli entered at great length into the character of the treaties we had compelled native princes to sign, and referred particularly to the circumstances connected with the annexation of Oude. He recommended the issue of a Royal Commission to inquire into Indian grievances, and a Royal Proclamation declaring that the Queen was not a sovereign who would countenance the violation of treaties. To allow of a sufficient force being sent out at once, he recommended the calling out and embodying of the militia, and asked Ministers to make a declaration of their Indian policy, to avoid the necessity of again appealing to the country. "If this is not done, I for one will not shrink from responsibility. I will then appeal with confidence to an indignant people, and to a determined Parliament, and I will ask them with united energies to save an endangered empire." Lord John Russell proposed, as an amendment, an address to her Majesty assuring her of support-" One of those dry constitutional platitudes," said Mr. Disraeli in reply, "which in a moment of difficulty the noble lord pulls out of the dusty pigeon-holes of his mind, and shakes in the perplexed face of the baffled House of Commons. He was not a stormy petrel, but the halcyon brooding on the waters, who, when the Government was in any difficulty, produced a card-a conciliatory card. It was one of those amendments which nobody can support, and nobody can oppose." The amendment was carried without a division. 28.-Died, Lieut. James Holman, R. N., the blind traveller. Charles 29. Died at Paris, aged 54, Bonaparte, Prince of Canino, cousin to the Emperor of the French, and an eminent naturalist. 30.-Thomas Pooley, a labourer in Liskeard, tried at Bodmin Assizes, for writing blasphemous expressions on public places in the neighbourhood where he lived. He was found guilty, and sentenced to imprisonment for one year and nine months. Efforts being afterwards made for Pooley's liberation, on the plea of insanity, Mr. Justice Coleridge wrote to the Home Office: "There was not the slightest suggestion made to me of his being other than perfectly sane, nor was there anything in his demeanour at the trial, or in the conduct of his defence by himself, which indicated it; nor did I collect it from the manner in which he, as it seemed, habitually committed the offence. But I see no reason whatever why he should not receive a free pardon under the circumstances stated in your letter. Had I been informed of anything which had led me to inquire into his sanity, during the trial, it is probable I might have discovered enough to have led to an acquittal on the ground of insanity, which, on such a charge, I should have been very glad to have arrived at. Pooley was thereafter pardoned. This case acquired some notoriety from a violent attack on Mr. Justice Coleridge's decision by Mr. Buckle in an article in Fraser's Magazine. (See May 21, 1859.) ور 31.-After a debate, which extended over two nights-Mr. Gladstone making a long speech in opposition-the second reading of the Divorce Bill was carried by a majority of 208 against 97. Arrival of the Indian mail, with intelligence of the spread of the mutiny in Oude, and the continued resistance of the rebels in the city of Delhi up to the 16th June. Concerning the cruelties practised by Sepoys, the Times wrote: "We claim the confidence of our readers when we tell them that we have received letters from the seat of rebellion which inform us that these merciless fiends have treated our countrymen, and still worse our countrywomen and their children, in such a manner, that even men can scarcely hint to each other in whispers the awful details." August 1.-General Havelock, finding him. self not strong enough to advance nearer Lucknow than Unao, where he had defeated the rebels on the 29th, and being besides encumbered with sick and wounded, abandons the idea of relieving the Residency till reinforcements should come up. He therefore fell back on Mungulwar, about six miles from the left or Oude side of the Ganges, opposite Cawnpore. In a communication made a few days afterwards to the commander-in-chief, he said that the enemy was in such force at Lucknow that to encounter him five marches from that position would be to court annihilation. On the 5th, and again on the 11th, he attacked the rebels at Busherutgunge, and drove them out of the town with great loss. He then crossed to Cawnpore, and uniting his wearied forces with those of General Neill, made another successful attack on the rebels near Bithoor, on the 17th, being the ninth engagement since the 12th July. The force was now reduced to 700 men in the field, exclusive of detachments which guarded the entrenchments at Cawnpore, and kept open communication with Allahabad. Before deciding to return to Cawnpore a letter was conveyed to the besieged garrison at Lucknow informing them of the advance of troops, and promising relief in five or six days. This welcome intelligence reached the garrison on the twenty-sixth day of the siege, and a messenger was instantly despatched to request that, on the evening of the arrival of the troops at the outskirts of the city, two rockets might be sent up in order that they might take the necessary measures for assisting them while forcing their way in. It was not till the 29th of August, thirty-five days later, that the besieged knew how the relieving force, after performing prodigies of valour, were compelled to turn back and await rein forcements. 3.-Major Eyre defeats the Sepoy rebels, and the troops of the Rajah Koor Singh. On the 12th he took possession of the Rajah's palace of Jugdapore. Died at Annecy, Savoy, aged 56, Eugene Sue, author of "The Wandering Jew" and other romances. The inhabitants of Calcutta meet to petition Parliament in favour of the transfer of the government of India from the East India Company to the Queen, with an open Legislative Council. 5.-Fire in James's Court, Edinburgh, destroying, among other interesting relics of the old town, the houses occupied by David Hume, Dr. Blair, and James Boswell. By this occurrence no fewer than 150 poor people were thrown on the charity of the affluent. Died, aged 71, the Right Rev. Charles James Blomfield, D.D., late Bishop of London. The shore end of the Atlantic telegraph cable fixed at Valentia, in presence of the Lord Lieutenant. The vessels engaged in the service were the British Agamemnon, 91 guns, and the American frigate Niagara. On the morning of the 11th, when 300 miles had been sunk, Mr. Bright, the chief engineer, found it necessary to go on deck to learn the rate of progress the Niagara was making, and left the care of the break in the hands of one of his subordinates. Shortly after his departure the vessel gave a heavier pitch than usual, and the strain on the drum not having been sufficiently relaxed, the cable snapped. This was fatal to the expedition. 6.-The Emperor and Empress of the French visit the Queen at Osborne. They remained four days, during which the utmost privacy was observed. Tried at Paris, the Italians Tibaldi, Bartolotti, and Grilli, charged with being engaged in an attempt to assassinate the Emperor, planned by Mazzini, Ledru-Rollin, Campanella, and Massarenti. The confession of Grilli was principally relied on, supported as it was by the possession of arms, both on the part of himself and his accomplices. That prisoner said he was instructed by Mazzini to carry out this "affair of Paris," as it was termed, by making himself acquainted with the habits of the Emperor, and striking the blow whenever he found a favourable opportunity. Tibaldi was sentenced to transportation and the two others to 15 years' imprisonment. Mazzini, and the other reputed projectors, were afterwards tried in their absence, and sentenced to transportation. In committee on the Divorce Bill, Mr. Drummond moves that the clause relating to the constitution of the Court be struck out, with the view of making the judge of the Court of Probate judge also in matrimonial causes, with an appeal to the Privy Council-suitors applying to the County Courts to have appeal only to the Court of Probate. This, he said, would get rid of the objections to the original Court, and provide a cheap remedy to the poorer classes. Rejected by 139 to 80. 7. James Spollen tried at Dublin for the murder of Mr. Little, the railway cashier, at the Broadstone station, on the 13th November last. The prisoner was employed at the station, and had access to the different apartments. It was established in evidence-partly by his own children-that he was close to the cashier's room on the night in question; that he was seen to carry away from it some round thing wrapped in a bag; that he secreted this in the top of a chimney in the grease house; that the stolen money was found there, wrapped in a piece of calico taken off one of his children's bonnets; and that a razor discovered by the police, with which the wounds might have been inflicted, was the prisoner's property. Evidence of a secondary nature was also adduced to show that Mrs. Spollen knew of her husband's guilt, but was not permitted to hold intercourse with any one prior to her death, which took place about a week before his apprehension. Spol. len's own declarations accounting for his movements that night agreed neither with each other nor with the evidence. After a trial extending over six days, the jury, to the amazement of many in court, brought in a verdict of Not Guilty. Spollen afterwards came before the public as a lecturer on the myste rious murder, but public indignation against him was so strong that he was compelled to withdraw from the platform. 66 In committee on the Divorce Bill, Mr. Gladstone made an elaborate speech against Clause 25, providing that on adultery of wife or incest of husband petitions for dissolution of marriages might be presented. "You are going," he said, to give the remedy of divorce to women in cases where the husband is guilty of adultery, provided that it be combined with cruelty, such as would procure an ecclesiastical divorce in an ecclesiastical court. Now, what is the meaning of cruelty? I have made some inquiries on this matter, and I understand that there is no doubt whatever among the highest ecclesiastical authorities, in accordance with the dictum of Lord Stowell, that cruelty for which divorce is to be given in those courts must import danger to life, limb, or health, or a reasonable apprehension of such danger. Is that the only kind of cruelty which prevails in civilized society? Is that the only kind of cruelty which finds its way into the hearts of educated and refined women? Is not the cruelty of insult just as gross, just as wicked, just as abominable, as the cruelty of mere force? and is not that a very common kind of case? Is it not too notorious that there exists a multitude of instances in which no remedy has been sought for, or none granted, by our law-instances in which the adulteries of the husband have not only been occasional, but continuous-not only continuous, but opennot only open, but committed under his very roof, and in connexion with persons placed in |