Physics of Societal Issues: Calculations on National Security, Environment, and EnergySpringer Science & Business Media, 10/08/2007 - 487 páginas Physics of Societal Issues is a textbook for all those who wish to discuss the fundamental issues of energy use, nuclear weapons, and the environment using facts and figures instead of slogans and postures. It will provide the reader with the tools and insights needed to analyze many complex issues with insights gained from informed estimates and simple calculations. Taking his inspiration from Fermi's famous "back of the envelope" calculations, Hafemeister shows how to capture the essence of a problem in rough estimates of the important parameters and then to use those estimates to gauge the effects of policy decisions. Hafemeister draws on dozens of years of experience working on just these issues in the US Senate, the national Academy of Sciences, and several Federal agencies, as well as the Lawrence-Berkeley, Los Alamos, and Argonne national laboratories to provide details and examples as well as insight into the issues needed to plan public policy. The book is divided into three parts, each treating an area in which physics plays a major role: - National security: nuclear weapons and their effects, missile defenses, arms control and verification, and nuclear proliferation and terrorism - The environment: pollution dispersal and control, radioactive pollution, climate change, and the epidemiology of electromagnetic radiation - Energy: estimating energy resources and use, use of energy in buildings and for transportation, renewable energy sources, and the economics of energy use. Each chapter includes numerous problems to challenge the reader and to extend the discussion. It is the only equation-oriented book for physics seniors and gradutate students that covers the three main physics and society issues. |
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... ratio on a mass basis to Enuc/Echem ≈ 2 × 106. Since nuclear weapons are about 20% efficient, the ratio is further reduced to about 106. 1.3. Scaling. Laws. and. Critical. Masses. The largest high-explosive, deliverable bomb was the 10-ton ...
... ratio. For the opposite reason, large animals eat less often and eat less energetic foods, such as grass. Scaling arguments also show that big animals must have relatively large diameter bones. 1.3.1 Nuclear Scaling Laws Nuclear fission ...
... ratio of blast destruction areas (neutron bomb/fission bomb) is blast: ANBomb/Afission = (0.35 kton/1kton)2/3 = 0.5, (1.60) showing that destruction area is reduced by 50% by using neutron bombs. If the motive is to kill tank drivers ...
... ratio of neutron-kill area by the ratio of blast area for each weapon type: neutron bomb/fission bomb = (n dose: ANBomb/Afission)/(blast: ANBomb/Afission) = (800 m/375 m)2/0.5 = 4.6/0.5 = 9. (1.61) Thus, the neutron bomb was 9 times ...
... ratio fragments? 1.7 Doubling and e-folding. (a) How many doublings and e-foldings does a 1-kton primary need? (b) Why does not this approach work for 500-kton weapons? 1.8 Reactor-grade Pu. (a) What is the neutron emission rate Problems ...
Índice
3 | |
31 | |
ABMSDIBMDNMD | 55 |
Verification and Arms Control Treaties | 77 |
Nuclear Proliferation | 105 |
Environment | 134 |
Nuclear Pollution | 163 |
Climate Change | 197 |
Renewable Energy | 316 |
Enhanced EndUse Efficiency | 343 |
Transportation | 378 |
Energy Economics | 402 |
A Nuclear Arms Chronology | 431 |
B EnergyEnvironment Chronology | 446 |
Units | 454 |
Websites | 460 |
Electromagnetic Fields and Epidemiology | 233 |
Energy | 246 |
Energy in Buildings | 279 |
Solar Buildings | 299 |
F Glossary | 469 |
G Index | 483 |
Outras edições - Ver tudo
Physics of Societal Issues: Calculations on National Security, Environment ... David Hafemeister Pré-visualização indisponível - 2010 |
Physics of Societal Issues: Calculations on National Security, Environment ... David Hafemeister Pré-visualização indisponível - 2007 |