Imagens das páginas
PDF
ePub

ARTICLE VIII. Excessive Bail.

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

ARTICLE IX. Rights Retained by the People.

The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

ACTICLE X. Reserved Rights of the States.

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.

ARTICLE XI,1

The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit, in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign state.

ARTICLE XIII.2 Slavery.

SECTION I. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

SFC. II. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."

ARTICLE XIV.

SECTION I. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

SEC. II. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several

1 The eleventh amendment was proposed by Congress in 1794, and declared adopted in 1798.

2 For the twelfth amendment, see the Appendix, p. 14.

"See the History, p. 96.

Constitution of the United States.

23

states according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for president and vice-president of the United States, representatives in Congress, the executive and judical officers of a st te, or the members of the Legis'ature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such state.

SEC. III. No person shall be a senator or representative in Congress, or elector of president and vice president, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state Legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any state, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies the eof. But Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability.

SEC. IV. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations, and claims shall be held illegal and void.

SEC. V. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

ARTICLE XV.

SEC. I. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States, or by any state, on account, of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

SEC. II. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.'

1 See the History, p. 298.

THE PRESIDENTS.

When and where they were born, and when and where they died.

[blocks in formation]

EXAMINATION QUESTIONS.

THE following questions cover the entire history of the United States from the first discovery of the country to the present day, including its every topic commonly taught in our public schools. They embrace all the questions on this subject that have been put forth by the Regents of the University of the State of New York down to the year 1886; also to the same time all that have been used in the examination of candidates for admission to the two colleges belonging to the public school system of the City of New York. Advantage has likewise been taken of the ques. tions that have been used in Brooklyn, Philadelphia, St. Louis, Richmond, and more than a hundred other places. That every important phase of the subject may be reached, some of the parts have been traversed in new directions a second and even a third time, but useless repetition has been avoided.

It is not pretended that every question adopted is here reproduced word for word just as it was found. When not in conflict with the aim and scope of the original question, abbreviation has been resorted to; and where the wording seemed to be ill-judged, a change has been made.

The learner is advised to consult the Index whenever the page references for the answers are not given. He is also urged to inform himself as to the location of the places referred to, not omitting a single place.

Columbus and his Discoveries.-What knowledge, if any, did the people of Europe have of America four hundred years ago? p. 18-Was Columbus then alive? 50.-To what extent had America been known to persons in Europe before his time? 15-18.-Give an account of the early life of Columbus.-What great plan of discovery did he form? 19.-Is it possible to reach India by sailing directly west from Europe, and why ?-What reasons did Columbus have in support of his theory? Ans. The authority of learned writers and the reports of navigators. He was also told that pieces of carved wood and human bodies had drifted from the west to the Atlantic islands of Africa.-Why was he anxious to reach India by a short route? 19.-What region was then known as India? 18.-What had been the intercourse of the people of Europe with India up to that time? 19.-What efforts were made by Portugal to reach India and with what result?-Narrate the trials of Columbus before he was able to test his theory-How at last did he obtain an outfit?-What religious motives influenced both him and Isabella? Ans. They wanted the heathen people

to be converted to Christianity-Give an account of Columbus's first voyage across the Atlantic? 21-51.—What discoveries did he make? 51.Describe his reception in Spain. 23, 24.-What voyages did he afterward make? 51.-Give his further history.

Early Explorers.-What special credit is due to John Cabot? 30.-State all you can of him.-Also of his son Sebastian.-Why were their discoveries and explanations of so much importance? 48, 52.-How came this continent to be called America? 30.-Who was the first to discover the mainland of the continent? The second? 24.-What opinion prevailed respecting the discovered lands? 30.-Tell how that opinion was corrected. And how it was further disproved by Magellan.--Why cannot it be said that Magellan was the first navigator who sailed around the earth? What question did Balboa solve?-Give a narrative in full of De Leon's discoveries and other doings. 32.-Of De Soto's. 4.-Coronado's. 37.-Drake's.- Marquette's. 41.-La Salle's. 43.-izarro's. 31.Cortez's. 34.-Cartier's. 41.-Champlain's.-Hudson's. 80.-Gosnold's. 54, 60.-John Smith's.-Name two of the discoverers who were born in Italy.-Eight, in Spain.-Four, in England.-Feur, in France -One, in Portugal.-Eleven, who were in the service of Spain.-One, in the service of Holland.-When and by whom was Florida discovered?-The Pacific?— The St. Lawrence?-The Mississippi?-ihe Hudson?-Cape Cod?-Who conquered Mexico?-What motive as regards discovery prompted De Leon? De Soto? -Balboa?-Hudson?-Give an account of aleigh's attempts at settlement 40.-State all you can of him. 40, 98.-What claim is made in behalf of Verrazzani? 80.

Claims to Territory.-What territory in North America did Spain claim? 48-England?-France?-Holland?--What was the basis of each claim? -What part of the present U. S. was formerly Spanish? 48, 320.—What was English?-French?-Dutch?-Narrate the steps by which each part was given up until it came to belong to the U. S. 176-320.

The Indians-What name Cid Columbus give to the natives of the New World? 22-Why did he so name them?-How, then, came the West Indies to be so called?-The East Indies?--Give the names as far as you can of the Indian tribes that occupied the region now belonging to the U. S. 53, 67, 70, 73, 102, 211, 219-Who were the Iroquois? 102.-State what you can of them.--When, where, and how was their power forever broken? 164 What is said of the dress of the Indians? 21. 25.--Their food?-Dwellings? 25-23.-Tools? — Weapons? — Money?— Religion?— Roving habits? What was the mode of trading with them? 54, 69, 82, 83, 118.-What wrongs were done to them? 76, 329.-What city in the State of New York was de troyed by them? Ans Schenectady, in 1690: its surviving inhabitants fled through snow to Albany.-Who was their great friend? Ans. John Eliot, known as the " Apostle to the Indians" He established schools and churches among them, and translated the Bible into the Indian tongue-In what Indian wars were the colonists engaged? 58, 70, 76, 83, 111.-Give an account of each-What tribe was exterminated? 70.-What treaties were made with the Indians in colonial times? 67, 76, 94.-Mention a colony that had no Indian wars? Who was its founder?-In what Indian wars have the U. S. been engaged? 163, 164, 185, 205, 219, 230.-Give an account of each.-Give the names of seven famous Indian chiefs.-Tell what you can of each.

« AnteriorContinuar »