Dix, A. Alkoholismus und Arbeiterschaft. Zeitschr. f. Socialwis., Aug., 1911. Reviews the attempts to commit the German Social Democracy to a stand in favor of temperance.

FOLLIN, H. L. Autour d'une grève.--La question de la main-d'oeuvre dans les ports. Journ. des Econ., Aug., 1911.

An account of the dockers' strike at Bayonne in March, 1911. The author presents the outline of a plan to prevent such interruptions to trade. Two associations are to be formed-one, a defensive league of employers, the other, an association of employers and employees. A stable labor supply is to be assured by giving a certain number of workmen preferential employment and beneficiary rights.

GELDART, W. M. Legal powers and limitations of trade unions. Econ. Rev., July, 1911.

Argues that the Osborne decision places the unions in a worse position than they were in before the acts of 1871 and 1876.

GOLDEN, J. The attitude of organized labor. Address before the Civic Forum, N. Y. City. Journ. of Accountancy, July, 1911.

Remarks on the attitude of union labor toward "scientific management," or "efficiency" methods.

GOMPERS, S. The seamen's successful uprising. Am. Federationist, Sept.,

1911.

GUYOT, Y. La grève des chemins de fer dans la Grande-Bretagne. Journ. des Econ., Sept., 1911.

An account of the strike from a highly unfavorable point of view. The displays of violence are attributed to passage of the Trade Disputes Act. Unions should be made responsible for the acts of their agents, and picketing should be prohibited.

HARRIS, H. J. Industrial accidents and loss of earning power: German experience in 1897 and 1907. Bull. Bur. Lab., Jan., 1911.

Gives the chief results of the elaborate decennial studies of accidents made in 1897 and 1907 by the Imperial Insurance Office of Germany.

HEATH, J. ST. G.

Under-employment and the mobility of labour. Econ.

Journ., June, 1911.

An attempt to ascertain by the use of the census figures of occupation how far some trades are recruited by workmen displaced by others. Concludes that unemployment is much increased in certain groups by the pressing in of workmen displaced by the introduction of machinery or by the labor of women and children.

HOYER, A. Arbejdsforholdet som Retsproblem i de skandinaviske Lande. Nat. ök. Tids., May-June, 1911.

An admirable presentation of the legal relation existing between employer and employe in the three Scandinavian countries. Kampffmeyer, P. Die Entwicklung der deutschen Gewerkschaften. Ann. f. Soz. Pol. u. Gesetz., No. 1, 1911.

Discusses the increasing relative importance of the Social-Demo

cratic trade unions, the policy of regulating union dues according to wages in order to attract into membership the low-paid workers, the desirability of increasing the power of the national unions, the administrative problems presented by the rapid growth of the unions, the closer relations between the coöperative movement and the unions, the failure of the unions to secure the adoption by the government of their views with reference to the revision of the Imperial system, and the growing interest of the unions in a wider system of labor pro

tection.

KATSCHER, L. Die schweizerischen Arbeitergesetzentwürfe. Zeits. f. Socialw., June, 1911.

Describes the pending proposals for strengthening the factory laws and for establishing a state system of accident and sick insurance. KESSLER, G. Zur jüngsten Entwicklung der Arbeitgeberverbände. Ann. f. Soz. Pol. u. Gesetz., No. 1, 1911.

Describes the rapid growth of employers' associations in Germany since 1905, the changes in the executives of several of the most important of the associations in 1910-1911, the chief weapons of warfare, e. g. boycott, strike insurance, the "yellow" unions, and finally the emergence in the program of some of the associations of new and positive, as distinguished from merely defensive aims.

KING, F. A. The check-off system and the closed shop among the united mine workers. Quart. Journ. Econ., Aug., 1911.

The history, present extent and effects of the system are discussed. LEROY-BEAULIEU, P. Le régime minier: la nouvelle loi belge. L'Econ. Franç., Aug. 26, 1911.

The main provisions of the law are briefly stated. The law contains special provisions with reference to sanitation and safety. LESCOHIER, D.D. The risks of the ore-diggers. Survey, July 1, 1911.

The first of a series of four articles on the prevention of work accidents in several important industries, presenting in popular form the findings of the Minnesota Bureau of Labor, 1909-1910. LESCOHIER, D.D. The lumberman's hazard. Survey, Aug. 5, 1911.

LESCOHIER, D.D. Some work hazards which go into a loaf of bread. Survey, Sept. 2, 1911.

LESCOHIER, D.D. Industrial accidents, employer's liability, and workmen's compensation in Minnesota. Am. Statist. Assoc. Quart., June, 1911.

An abstract of the chief results of the inquiry into industrial accidents authorized by the Minnesota legislature in 1909 and of the chief provisions of the bill presented by the Minnesota Compensation Bill.

LOVEJOY, O. R. Better child labor laws. Survey, Sept. 2, 1911.

A brief review of the more important child labor laws enacted in

MANOWSKI, H. Der Vertragsbruch ländlicher Arbeiter in Preussen. Monatschr. f. christliche Sozialref., June, 1911.

MARCHETTI, L. Die Organisationen der Landarbeiter in Italien und die Arbeitskämpfe in der Romagna. I. Zeits. f. Socialw. June 1, 1911.

The first of a series of articles dealing with the rise, extension, government, and policies of the important unions of agricultural laborers in Italy. The present article is chiefly historical.

MARCHETTI, L. Die Organisationer der Landarbeiter in Italian und die Arbeitskämpfe in der Romagna. III. (Schluss.) Zeitschr. f. Socialwis., Aug., 1911.

MOND, A. The problem of unemployment. Eng. Rev., Aug., 1911.

MOORE, C. C. New York Workmen's Compensation Act. 15 Law Notes 44., June, 1911.

Comments on Ives v. South Buffalo R. R. Co.

MORRISON, G. B. Age and unemployment. Journ. Royal Statist. Soc., London, July, 1911.

On the basis of data from the Parliamentary Return relating to the proceedings of the Distress Committee in England and Wales and of the Central (Unemployed) Body for London during the year ended 1906, the Census Returns, 1901, and the Report of the Poor Law Commission, the author concludes that unemployment is a concommitant of increasing age.

NATIONAL CHILD LABOR COMMITTEE.

Acad., July, Supplement, 1911.

Uniform child labor laws. Ann. Am.

Contains papers on many phases of the child labor problem, reports from state and local child labor committees, and the proceedings of the seventh annual conference of the National Child Labor Committee held at Birmingham, Ala., March 10-12, 1911.

OLPHE-GALLIARD, G. Les échelles mobiles de salaires. Rev. d'Econ. Polit., July-Aug., 1911.

After reviewing the history of sliding scales, the author concludes that in well organized trades, the sliding scale has no merits as a device for the peaceful fixing of wages.

PALMER, W. B. Woman and child workers in cotton mills. Am. Statist. Assoc. Quart., June, 1911.

An abstract of the report of the United States Commissioner of Labor on the employment of women and children in cotton mills.

PEGARD, P. Salaires de famine. Rev. d'Econ. Polit. July-Aug., 1911.

Argues strongly in favor of the establishment of a state minimum wage for home industries and discusses the projects of law now offered to this end in France.

PISSARGEVSKY, DE M. L. Note sur le rapport des salaires des deux sexes. Journ. Soc. Statist., Aug.-Sept., 1911.

POPPLEWELL, F. Seasonal fluctuations in employment in the gas industry. Journ. Royal Statist. Soc., June, 1911.

An elaborate study of the development of the gas industry in its relation to unemployment. The introduction of machinery has reduced the number of men in the retort-houses relatively to the total number employed, and seasonal unemployment is practically confined to retort-house men. The growing use of gas stoves and engines tends to diminish the seasonal irregularity in demand. The author concludes that "the industry contains within itself the seeds of growth toward greater and greater regularity."

PRATO, G Variazioni sul tema dell' unità sindacale. Rif. Soc., July-Sept., 1911. Attacks the abuse of a position of strength by industrial and labor combinations.

PRIBRAM, K. Die sechste Generalversammlung der internationalen Vereinigung für gesetzlichen Arbeiterschutz. Zeitschr. f. Volkwirtsch., Vol. XX, Nos. 3, 4, 1911.

A brief account of the proceedings with some critical comment. RHODES, J. F. The railroad riots of 1877. Scribner, July, 1911. SCHELLENBERG, A. Frauen-Arbeit und Frauen-Persönlichkeit.

Socialw., June, 1911.

Zeitschr. f.

TREVISON NO, N. Gli scioperi agrarii nel ferrarese. Giorn. d. Econ., May, 1911. A new clash between proprietors and hired laborers in Ferrara prompts the publication of this analysis of the costly agricultural strike of 1907.

VERNE, H. L'organisation du loisir ouvrier en Allemagne. Mus. Soc. Mém., July, 1911.

An account of the educational, cultural, and recreational institutions maintained in several of the larger German cities for the benefit of workmen.

WILLIAMS, J.

Prevention of accidents in Great Britain. N. Y. Dept. of Labor Bull., June, 1911.

The author is Commissioner of Labor of New York. The article embodies the results of a visit to England in 1910, undertaken at the request of the New York State Commission on Employers' Liability and the Prevention of Accidents. Describes the devices for the prevention of accidents in a considerable number of factories. WILSON, H. R. The recent labor crisis on British railways. Engg. News, Sept. 14, 1911.

Describes briefly the causes of strike.

Coöperative plan for Philadelphia carmen. Electric R. R. Journ., Sept. 2, 1911.

Twenty-two per cent of gross passenger earnings is to be devoted to the payment of salaries of motormen and conductors. The wages of the men longer in the service are to be advanced as rapidly as the fund allotted permits. If two thirds of the men by secret ballot express a desire that the company shall deal with a union of employees,

the company will deduct dues for all motormen and conductors in its employ from the 22 per cent fund, and pay the sum so collected to the officers of the union.

Money, Credit and Banking

(Abstracts by Fred Rogers Fairchild)

ALDRICH, N. W. Relation of trust companies to monetary reform. Journ. Am. Bankers' Assoc., June, 1911. Pp. 4.

Address delivered May 5, defending the Aldrich plan of banking reform and suggesting the terms on which state banks and trust companies might be admitted to membership in the National Reserve Association.

ANSIAUX, M. Les étapes de l'organisation du crédit en France. Instituts Solvay, Bull. Mens., May, 1911. Pp. 5.

A review of B. Mehren's Die Entstehung und Entwicklung der grossen französichen Kreditinstitute mit Berücksichtigung ihres Einflusses auf die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung Frankreichs. Traces the development of the French banks from mere discount offices to powerful distributors of credit.

BORD, F. D. The banks and the stock exchange. Moody's Mag., Aug., 1911. Pp. 8.

Brief explanation of the influence of bank loans secured by stock collateral upon the prices of stocks on the exchange.

BUSHEE, F. A. The effect of an increased gold supply. Moody's Mag., June, 1911. Pp. 6.

Explains the influence of increased gold supply in causing higher level of prices, and illustrates the process by describing the effects of the Australian gold discoveries of 1851.

DODWELL, H. A gold currency for India. Econ. Journ., Sept., 1911. Pp. 6. Statement of the case against the present introduction of a gold currency in India.

GARINO, A. La produzione mondiale dei metalli preziosi ed il loro impiego. Rif. Soc., July-Sept., 1911.

Based on the annual report of the French Administration des Monnaies.

GIBSON, A. H. Jubilee of the post office savings bank. Bankers' Mag. (London), Sept., 1911. Pp. 13.

Historical sketch of the origin and development of the British postal savings bank, covering the 50 years from 1861 to 1911. Contains some interesting statistical material.

HEYN, O. Beiträge zur Geldtheorie: Die Erfordernisse des Geldes. Zeitschr. f. Socialwis. II. Apr., 1911. Pp. 10; III. May, 1911. Pp. 13. The quantity of money ought to correspond to the "natural need" of money. Effects of increase and decrease of money supply on the money market and the prices of goods. Regulation of the amount of