as might have arisen from an intermarriage between the families of Pelops and of Cadmus, we have a whole host of mischief-making demons in the shape of ill-directed affections and collateral foes.

Nor is the wreath which is offered to the heroine as the prize for perseverance in the path of right a wreath of the most tempting kind. It is not the ever-green laurel of the conqueror, but the woollen fillet of the vestal. The obvious mode of rescuing Constance from her passion for the unworthy object would have been to put some amiable deserving young gentleman in the place of the latter; but this plan would not serve the moral purpose of the tale. Constance must perform for the family of Herbert the functions performed by Iphigenia for the house of Atreus also with the aid of Artemis, as the goddess of single blessedness. In other words, she must not marry at all, lest she should carry down to posterity the insanity of her race.

but disgusting, the most sentimental readers must be convinced beyond the possibility of doubt that things have turned out as well as they could.

The other subservient moral is to the effect that sorrow is always to be accepted as a teacher and a purifier, and that, if it is regarded in this light, it will never become unbearable; only, we must take care not to break down under the first shock. This doctrine is closely connected with that of the anti-ideal maxim; for, as one of the chief causes of excessive sorrow consists in the over-estimation of the lost article, an approximation to a good wholesome sorrow is obviously attainable by setting down things at their proper worth.

argument in favor of duty, the whole duty, and nothing but duty conveyed in the form of a powerful, highly interesting, and somewhat fantastic narrative.

By reducing the story of Constance Herbert to a sort of ethical skeleton, we have endeavored to give our readers a notion of what Germanized Americans would call Miss G. Jewsbury's present moral "stand-point." To reclothe the Most ladies will admit to themselves, if not skeleton with skin and muscle, they must proaloud, that this conquest over an unworthy pas-eeed to the book itself, where they will find the sion, which, be it observed, is achieved before the unworthiness of the person is discovered, is no such easy task. And, no doubt, Constance would have been defeated in the struggle had it not been for an incarnation of feminine wisdom, in the person of a certain Aunt Margaret, who, TO PRESERVE A BOUQUET. A florist of many having committed a peccadillo in her youth, has years' experience gives the following receipt for built herself up into a beacon for the guidance preserving bouquets for an indefinite period of her family. Tutored by this sage lady, who, which may be useful to our lady readers: as a supplement to verbal teaching, takes her to" When you receive a bouquet, sprinkle it lightly see her insane mother, she glides quietly down to with fresh water. Then put it into a vessel conher grave a happy old maid, her earthly residence taining some soap suds; this will nutrify_the being an estate bequeathed to her by the head-roots, and keep the flowers bright as new. Take strong young felo-de-se. the bouquet out of the suds every morning and In working out her grand moral, that inclina- lay it sideways (the stock entering first) into clean tion is never to stand in the way of duty, Miss water, keep it there a minute or two, then take it Jewsbury at the same time establishes two sub-out, and sprinkle the flowers lightly by the hand servient morals, which are admirably conducive to her chief end; indeed, one of these contains the whole secret that has enabled her to achieve a successful solution of her problem. The moral to which we refer may be couched in the maxim, "Do not convert any human being into an ideal." It is to the breach of this law that Miss Jewsbury traces that portion of human sorrow that consists in unavailing regrets, and with great art she makes the idols of female worship in the early part of the tale become absolutely instances of the recovery of man's lost power IN the lives of the Saints we have many repulsive in the eyes of their very worshippers towards the end, so that hearts that have been over the elements and creatures. The following well nigh broken at the grief of a separation Legend of St. Medard's Bees is quoted in the leap for joy that they have escaped such bad Feminine Monarchie, at p. 138:bargains. If she had made internal resignation, "When a thief by night had stolen St. Mednot fortified from without, the sole remedy for ard's Bees, they, in their master's quarrel, leavblighted love, her purpose would have been half-ing their hive, set upon the malefactor, and eagmissed, and the majority of her young lady erly pursuing him which way soever he ran, readers would have regretted that Constance would not cease stinging of him until they had Herbert did not marry Philip Marchmont after made him (whether he would or no) to go back all, and allow the family Nemesis to settle the again to their master's house; and then, falling question of the hereditary madness at her own prostrate at his feet, submissively to cry him mergood pleasure. But when Philip comes back cy for the crime committed. Which being done, totally stripped of all means of fascination, and so soon as the Saint extended unto him the when the father of Constance, after being the hand of benediction, the Bees, like obedient serobject of almost perennial lamentation, is re- vants, did forthwith stay from persecuting him, vealed to Miss Wilmott (another victim of dis-and evidently yielded themselves to the ancient appointment) in a state not only unattractive possession and custody of their master."

with water. Replace it in the soap suds, and it will bloom as fresh as when first gathered. The soap suds need changing every three or four days. By observing these rules a bouquet can be kept bright and beautiful for at least a month, and will last still longer in a very passable state; but attention to the fair but frail creatures as directed above must be strictly observed, or all will perish."

From the Quarterly Review.

1. Food, and its Adulterations; composing the Reports of the Analytic Sanitary Commission of the "Lancet," in the year 1851 to 1854 inclusive. By Arthur Hill Hassall, M.D., Chief Analyst of the Commission. London

1855.

2. "There's Death in the Pot." By Frederick

Accum. London: 1820.

shift the blame upon the manufacturer, and thus the truth came out.

A gun suddenly fired into a rookery could not cause a greater commotion than this pub lication of the names of dishonest tradesmen; nor does the daylight, when you lift a stone, startle ugly and loathsome things more quickly than the pencil of light, streaming through a quarter-inch lens, surprised in their naked 3. Des Falsifications des Substances Alimen- ugliness the thousand and one illegal substantaires et des moyens chimiques de les reconnat- ces which enter more or less into every detre. Par Jules Garnier et Ch. Harel. Paris. scription of food that it will pay to adulterate. 4. Dictionnaire des Altérations et Falsifications Nay, to such a pitch of refinement has the art des Substances Alimentaires, Medicamen- of falsification of alimentary substances reachteuses et Commerciales, avec l'indication des ed, that the very articles used to adulterate moyens de les reconnaître. Par M. A. Che-are adulterated; and while one tradesman is vallier. Paris. picking the pockets of his customers, a still more cunning rogue is, unknown to himself, deep in his own!

A STORY is told of an European who, wishing to convince a Brahmin of the folly of The manner in which food is adulterated is his faith in interdicting, as an article of food, not only one of degree but of kind. The anything that once possessed life, showed him most simple of all sophistications, and that by the aid of the microscope, that the very which is most harmless, is the mixture of inwater which he drank was full of living things. ferior qualities of the same substance. InThe Indian, thus suddenly introduced to an deed, if the price charged were according to unseen world, dashed the instrument to the quality, it would be no fraud at all, but this ground, and reproached his teacher for hav-adjustment rarely takes place. Secondly, the ing so wantonly destroyed the guiding princi- mixture of cheaper articles of another kind; ple of his life. We too have at home a Hin- Thirdly, the surreptitious introduction of ma doo, in the shape of the believing British pub-terials which, taken in large quantities, are lic, to whose eye Dr. Hassall nicely adjusts prejudicial to health; and Fourthly, the adthe focus of his microscope, and bids him be- mixture of the most deadly poisons in order hold what unseen villanies are daily perpe- to improve the appearance of the article trated upon his purse and person. "doctored."

The world at large has almost forgotten The microscope alone is capable of detectAccum's celebrated work, "Death in the Pot;" ing at one operation the nature and extent of a new generation has indeed sprung up since it the more harmless but general of these frauds. was written, and fraudulent tradesmen and When once the investigator, by the aid of manufacturers have gone on in silence, and, that instrument, has become familiar with the up to this time, in security, falsifying the food configurations of different kinds of the same and picking the pockets of the people. Start-chemically composed substances, he is armed ling indeed as were the revelations in that with far greater detective power than chemiremarkable book, yet it had little effect in re- cal agents could provide him with. It is beyond forming the abuses it exposed. General de- the limit of the test-tube to show the mind nunciations of grocers did not touch individ- the various forms of animal and vegetable life uals of the craft, and they were consequently which exist in impure water; delicate as are not driven to improve the quality of their its powers it could not indicate the presence wares. The "Lancet" Commission went to of the sugar insect, or distinguish with unerwork in a different manner. In Turkey, ring nicety an admixture of the common Cirwhen of old they caught a baker giving false cuma arrowroot with the finer Maranta, weight or adulterating the staff of life, they Chemistry is quite capable of telling the comnailed his ear to the doorpost," pour encour-ponent parts of any article: what are the defiager les autres." Dr. Hassall, like a modern nite forms and natures of the various ingredi Al Rachid, perambulated the town himself, or ents which enter into a mixture it cannot so sent his trustworthy agents to purchase arti- easily answer. This the microscope can at cles, upon all of which the inexorable micros- once effect, and in its present application concope was set to work, and every fraudulent sists Dr. Hassall's advantage over all previous sample, after due notice given, subjected its investigators in the same field. The precivendor to be pinned for ever to the terrible sion with which he is enabled to state the repages of the commissioner's report. In this sult of his labors leaves no appeal; he shows manner direct responsibility was obtained. his reader the intimate structures of a coffeeIf the falsification denounced was not the grain and of oak or mahogany sawdust; and work of the retailer, he was glad enough to then a specimen of the two combined, sold un

der the title of genuine Mocha. Many manu-strength of that tradition it was vended for pepfacturers and retailers, who have been detected per by men who thought they were honest. But falsifying the food of the public, have threaten-as Samuel went on in life his ideas on trade ed actions, but they all flinched from the test morality grew clearer; this P. D. began to give of this unerring instrument.

him much discomfort. He thought upon it till the thing was wrong; arrived at this conclusion, he was satisfied that, after all that could be said, he felt that no blessing could light upon the place while it was there. He instantly decreed that P. D. should perish. It was night, but back he went to the shop, took the hypocritical cask, carried it out to the quarry, then staved it, and scattered P. D. among the clods, and slag, and stones.

The system of adulteration is so wide-spread and embraces so many of the items of the daily meal, that we scarcely know where to begin-what corner of the veil first to lift. Let us hold up the cruet-frame, for example, and analyse its contents. There is mustard, pepper (black and cayenne), vinegar, anchovy and Harvey sauce-so thinks the unsuspecting reader-let us show him what else beside. Would we could say that the reduction of, To begin with mustard. "Best Durham," or the tax upon pepper had stimulated the hon"Superfine Durham," no doubt it was pur-esty of other grocers to act a similar part to chased for, but we will summarily dismiss this that of Mr. Budgett, but P. D. flourishes as substance by stating that it is impossible to flagrantly as ever; and if every possessor of procure it pure at all; out of forty-two samples the article in London were to stave his casks bought by Dr. Hassall at the best as well as in the roadway, as conscientiously as did the inferior shops, all were more or less adulterat-" Successful Merchant," there would be hard ed with wheaten flour for bulk, and with tur- work for the scavengers. In the days of Acmeric for color. Vinegar also suffers a dou- cum it was usual to manufacture pepper-corns ble adulteration; it is first watered, and then out of oiled linseed-cake, clay, and cayenne pungency is given to it by the addition of pepper, formed into a mass, and then granusulphuric acid. A small quantity of this acid lated: these fraudulent corns were mixed with is allowed by law; and this is frequently tre- the real, to the extent of 17 per cent. This bled by the victuallers. The pepper-caster is form of imposition, like that of wooden nutanother stronghold of fraud-fraud so long megs among our American friends, has, we and openly practised, that we question if the are happy to say, long been abandoned. The great mass of the perpetrators even think adulterations we have mentioned are simply they are doing wrong. Among the milder dirty and fraudulent, but in the cayenne-cruet forms of sophistication to which this article is we find, in addition, a deadly poison. Out of subjected are to be found such ingredients as twenty-eight samples submitted to examinawheaten flour, ground rice, ground mustard- tion, no less than twenty-four were adulteratseeds, and linseed-meal. The grocer main-ed with white mustardseed, brickdust, salt, tains a certain reserve as to the generality of ground rice, and deal sawdust, by way of givthe articles he employs in vitiating his wares, but ing bulk; but as all of these tend to lighten pepper he seems to think is given up to him by the color, it is necessary to heighten it to the the public to "cook" in any manner he thinks required pitch. And what is employed to do fit. This he almost invariably does by the ad- this? Hear and tremble, old Indians, and dition of what is known in the trade as P. D., lovers of high seasoned food-with RED LEAD. or pepper-dust, alias the sweepings from the Out of twenty-eight samples, red lead, and pepper-warehouses. But there is a lower often in poisonous quantities, was present in depth still; P. D. is too Genuine a commodi-thirteen! Who knows how many "yellow ty for some markets, and it is accordingly admirals at Bath have fallen victims to their mixed with D. P. D., or dirt of pepper dust. cayenne-cruets? Nor can it be said that the A little book, published not long since, en- small quantity taken at a time could do no pertitled "The Successful Merchant," which manent mischief, for lead belongs to the class gives the minute trade history of a gentleman of poisons which are cumulative in their ef very much respected in Bristol, Samuel Bud- fects. gett, Esq., affords us a passage bearing upon this P. D. which is worthy of notice:

He who loves cayenne, as a rule is fond of curry-powder, and here also the poisonous oxide is to be found in large quantities. Some years ago a certain amiable duke recommended the laboring population, during a season of famine, to take a pinch of this condiment warm and comforting to the stomach." If every morning before going to work, as

In Mr. Budgett's early days, says his biographer, pepper was under a heavy tax, and in the trade universal tradition said that out of the trade everybody expected pepper to be mixed. In the shop stood a cask, labelled P. D., containing something very like pepper-dust, wherewith it was usual to mix the pepper before sending it forth they had followed his advice, thirteen out of to serve the public. The trade tradition had ob- every twenty-eight persons would have imbibtained for the apocryphal P. D. a place amongst ed a slow poison. Those who are in the habit the standard articles of the shop, and on the of using curry, generally take it in consider

able quantities, and thus the villanous falsifi- | sent to the London market. * * * Cattle, cation plays a more deadly part than even in sheep, etc., are insured against all kinds of discayenne pepper. Imagine a man for years eases, and one of the conditions is, that the dispertinaciously painting his stomach with red fead! We do not know whether medical statistics prove that paralysis prevails much among Nabobs," but of this we may be sure, that there could be no more fruitful source of it than the two favorite stimulants we have named.

eased animal, when dead, becomes the property of the insurance company, the party insuring receiving two-thirds of the value of the animal and one-third of the salvage; or, in other words, one-third of the amount the beast is sold for when dead.

Upon being asked, "Do you believe it is The great staple articles of food are not still the habit of this company to send up subject to adulteration in the same proportion the diseased animals to London ?" he reas many other articles of minor demand. We plied— need scarcely say that meat is exempt so long as it remains in the condition of joints, but im- consigned to a meat-salesman in Newgate Market Yes, I do; until lately they were regularly mediately it is prepared in any shape in which of the name of Mathews. * * * The larger its original fibre and form can be hidden, the quantities are sold to people who manufacture it spirit of craft begins to work. The public into soup, meat-pies, sausages, etc. have always had certain prejudices against sausages and polonies for example, and, if we We have no wish to destroy the generally are to believe a witness examined on oath be- robust appetite of the persons who visit such fore the Smithfield Market Commissioners in shops by any gratuitous disclosure, but we 1850, not without reason. It is a very old question whether the more hungry crossingjoke that there are no live donkeys to be sweeper would look any more with a longing found within twenty miles of Epping; but if eye upon the huge German sausages, rich and all the asinine tribe in England were to fall inviting as they appear, if, like Mr. Harper, victims to the chopping machine, we question he knew the too probable antecedents of their if they could supply the à-la-mode, polony, contents. The only other preparations of and sausage establishments. Mr. J. Harper, flesh open to adulteration are preserved meats. for instance, being under examination, upon Some years ago "the Goldner canister busibeing asked what became of the diseased meatness so excited the public against this inbrought into London, replied:

valuable method of storing perishing articles of food, that a prejudice has existed against it It is purchased by the soup-shops, sausage- ever since and a more senseless prejudice makers, the à-la-mode beef and meat-pie shops, could not be. Goldner's process, since adoptetc. There is one soup-shop, I believe, doing five ed by Messrs. Cooper and Aves, is simple and nundred pounds per week in diseased meat; this beautiful. The provisions, being placed in firm has a large foreign trade (thank goodness!) tin canisters having their covers soldered The trade in diseased meat is very alarming, as anything in the shape of flesh can be sold at down, are plunged up to their necks in a bath about one penny per pound, or eight pence per of chloride of calcium (a preparation which stone * ***I am certain that if one imbibes a great heat without boiling), and hundred carcases of cows were lying dead in the their contents are speedily cooked; at the neighborhood of London, I could get them all same time, all the air in the meat, and some of sold within twenty-four hours; it don't matter the water, are expelled in the form of steam, what they died of. which issues from a pin-hole in the lid. The instant the cook ascertains the process to be complete, he drops a plug of solder upon the hole, and the mass is thus hermetically sealed. Exclusion of air, and coagulation of the albumen, are the two conditions, which enable us to hand the most delicate flavored meats down to remote generations, for as long, in fact, as a stout painted tin canister can maintain itself intact against the oxidating effect of the atmosphere. We have ourselves partaken lately of a duck that was winged, and of milk that came from the cow as long as eight years ago. Fruit which had been gathered whilst the free-trade struggle was still going on, we

It must not be imagined that the à-la-mode beef interest is supplied with this carrion by needy men, whose necessities may in some degree palliate their evil dealings. In proof of this we quote further from Mr. Harper's evidence. In answer to the question, "Is there any slaughtering of bad meat in the country, for the supply of the London market?" he

says

The London market is very extensively supplied with diseased meat from the country. There are three insurance-offices in London in

which graziers can insure their beasts from disease: it was the practice of one of these offices to found as delicate in flavor as though it had just send the unsound animals dying from disease to their own slaughter-houses, situate a hundred and sixty miles from London, to be dressed and

been plucked from the branch. Out of the many cases of all kinds of provisions opened and examined by Dr. Hassall, scarcely any

have been found to be bad. At a time when from it, in addition to improving the color of

the graves of so many of our soldiers in the his wares, is, that it absorbs a large quantity Crimea may be justly inscribed, "Died of salt of water, which he sells at the present time at pork," we cannot forbear to call attention to a the rate of 2d. a pound. Out of 28 loaves of neglected means of feeding our troops with bread bought in every quarter of the metrogood and nutritious food, instead of with the polis, Dr. Hassall did not find one free from tough fibre called meat, from which half the the adulteration of alum, and in some of the blood-making qualities have been extracted by samples he found considerable quantities. As the process of boiling, whilst the remaining a general rule, the lower the neighborhood, half is rendered indigestible by the action of the cheaper the bread, and the greater the salt, and poisonous by the extraction of one quantity of this "hards" or "stuff" introof its most important constituents. It would duced. We must not, however, lay all the seem as if we were living in the days of An- blame upon the baker. This was satisfactorily son, who lost 626 men of scurvy, out of a crew shown by the Sanitary Commissioners, when of 961, before he could reach the island of dealing with the bread sold by the League Juan Fernandez, or of the still later cruise of Bread Company, whose advertisement to the Sir C. Hardy, who sent 3500 to hospital with following effect is constantly to be seen in the this fatal disease, after a six weeks' sail with" Times." the Channel fleet. It may be urged that the sailors have not sickened on salt pork; but while they have the necessary amount of potass, which the stomach requires to make blood, in the lime-juice served out to them, our troops were without this indispensable accompaniment, and consequently died. In the preserved meats, which are made up with potatoes and other vegetables, the needful potass exists, and such food may be forwarded to the Crimea as cheaply as the pernicious salt junk which is patronized by the Government.

The object for which the above Company was established, and is now in operation, is to ensure to the public bread of a pure and nutritious character. Experience daily proves how much our health is dependent upon the quality and purity that an article of such universal consumption as of our food, consequently how important it is bread should be free from adulteration. That various diseases are caused by the use of alum and other deleterious ingredients in the manufacture of bread, the testimony of many eminent men will fully corroborate. Pure unadulterated bread, full weight, best quality, and the lowest possible price.

Bread, the great blood-producer, claims particular attention. It often surprises persons who walk about the metropolis to find that prices vary according to the locality :-thus Upon several samples of this pure bread, the loaf that costs in the Borough or the New purchased of various agents of the Company, Cut 7d. a quartern, is 103d. at the West End. being tested, they were found to be contamiCan plate-glass windows and rent cause all nated with alum! Here was a discovery. this difference? Certainly not. We are The Company protested that the analyses glad, however, to find that many of the adul- were worthless; and all their workmen made terations mentioned by our older writers have a solemn declaration that they had never used vanished with free trade. Prince and Accum any alum whilst in their employ. The agents mention plaster of Paris, bone-dust, the meal of the Company also declared that they never of other cereal grains, white clay, alum, sul- sold any but their bread. The analyst looked phate of copper, potatoes, etc. All of these again through his microscope, and again resophistications have disappeared with the ex-iterated his charge, that alum their bread conception of potatoes, which are occasionally em- tained. It was then agreed to test the flour ployed when the difference between their supplied to the Company, and three samples value and that of flour makes it worth while were proved to contain the obnoxious matefor the baker or miller to introduce them. rial. Thus we find that the miller still, in When we see a loaf marked under the market- some instances, maintains his doubtful reputaprice, we may rest assured that it is made of tion, and is at the bottom of this roguery. flour ground from inferior and damaged wheat. Our succeeding remarks will fall, we fear, In order to bring this up to the required color, like a bomb upon many a tea-table, and stagand to destroy the sour taste which often be- ger teetotalism in its stronghold. A drunklongs to it, bakers are in the habit of intro- ard's stomach is sometimes exhibited at totalducing a mixture called in the trade "hards" abstinence lectures, in every stage of congesand "stuff," which is nothing more than alum tion and inflammation, painted up to match and salt, kept prepared in large quantities by the fervid eloquence of the lecturer. If tea the druggists. The quantity of alum neces- is our only refuge from the frightful maladies sary to render bread white is certainly not entailed upon us by fermented liquors, we great-Mitchell found that it ranged from 116 fear the British public is in a perplexing digrains to 34 grains in the four pound loaf-lemma. Ladies, there is death in the teapot! but the great advantage the baker derives Green-tea drinkers, beware! There has al