Socialism, Utopian and ScientificC.H. Kerr, 1907 - 87 páginas |
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Palavras e frases frequentes
absolute monarchy absolute truth action agnosticism anarchy in production antagonism appropriation aristocracy became become bourgeois bourgeoisie capital capitalist mode capitalist production ception character Chartists collision complete Continental contradiction between socialised Corn Laws definite plan dialectics division of labour doctrine duction economic eighteenth century England eternal exploitation fact feudal lord Fourier France freethought French Revolution German guilds hand Hegel historical hitherto Hobbes human ideas increased individual producers instruments of labour intellectual joint-stock companies kingdom land less levers of production machinery manufacture Marx masses materialistic matter means of production means of subsistence mode of production modern industry nation natural science organisation party peasants period philosophy political production of commodities productive forces proletariat reason reign religion religious Robert Owen Saint Simon senses social production struggle surplus-value talist things third estate tion to-day transformation turned UTOPIAN victory wage-labour wage-workers whole workers working-class
Passagens conhecidas
Página 72 - The modern State, no matter what its form, is essentially a capitalist machine, the State of the capitalists, the ideal personification of the total national capital. The more it proceeds to the taking over of productive forces, the more does it actually become the national capitalist, the more citizens does it exploit. The workers remain wage-workers — proletarians. The capitalist relation is not done away with. It is rather brought to a head.
Página 45 - The growing perception that existing social institutions are unreasonable and unjust, that reason has become unreason, and right wrong, is only proof that in the modes of production and exchange changes have silently taken place, with which the social order, adapted to earlier economic conditions, is no longer in keeping.
Página 40 - That which still survives of all earlier philosophy is the science of thought and its laws — formal logic and dialectics. Everything else is subsumed in the positive science of Nature and history.
Página 81 - With the seizing of the means of production by society, production of commodities is done away with, and, simultaneously, the mastery of the product over the producer. Anarchy in social production is replaced by systematic, definite organization.
Página 46 - From this it also follows that the means of getting rid of the incongruities that have been brought to light must also be present, in a more or less developed condition, within the changed modes of production themselves. These means are not to be invented by deduction from fundamental principles, but are to be discovered in the stubborn facts of the existing system of production.
Página 62 - ... the most powerful instrument for shortening labour time, becomes the most unfailing means for placing every moment of the labourer's time and that of his family at the disposal of the capitalist for the purpose of expanding the value of his capital.
Página 82 - The whole sphere of the conditions of life which environ man, and which have hitherto ruled man, now comes under the dominion and control of man, who for the first time becomes the real, conscious lord of nature, because he has now become master of his own social organisation. The laws of his own social action, hitherto standing face to face with man as laws of nature foreign to and dominating him, will then be used with full understanding, and so be mastered by him.
Página 70 - But of late, since Bismarck went in for state ownership of industrial establishments, a kind of spurious socialism has arisen, degenerating, now and again, into something of flunkeyism, that without more ado declares all state ownership, even of the Bismarckian sort, to be socialistic. Certainly, if the taking over by the state of the tobacco industry is socialistic, then Napoleon and Metternich must be numbered among the founders of socialism.
Página 52 - Thus, the products now produced socially were not appropriated by those who had actually set in motion the means of production and actually produced the commodities, but by the capitalists. The means of production, and production itself, had become in essence socialised. But they were subjected to a form of appropriation which presupposes the private production of individuals, under which, therefore, everyone owns his own product and brings it to market.
Página 76 - State interference in social relations becomes, in one domain after another, superfluous, and then dies out of itself; the government of persons is replaced by the administration of things, and by the conduct of processes of production. The state is not 'abolished'.