thereof. There are, however, two kinds of people with whom he seems to enter into mental communion most readily. One kind includes just plain, common people, making no pretensions to learning but solid and honest in their intuitions and prejudices; from them he draws inspiration. The other kind includes people of ripe culture and wide information; from them he gets mental exercise through bouts of intellectual discussion.

Whatever he does, whether it be work or play or conversation, he does with a whole heart. He never dawdles. He is always eager, alert, animated, whether writing, lecturing, speaking, chatting or playing. Milton's famous passage about those who "scorn delights and live laborious days" is not applicable to him. He gets through a great amount of work, but his thinking machine is so well adjusted and runs so smoothly that its operation seems a functional satisfaction rather than labor. The quatrain that Robert Louis Stevenson put up in his study would be quite in place in Woodrow Wilson's study

too:

This is the study where a smiling God
Sees day by day the path of duty trod.
My work He praises and He seems to say
The day is brief; be diligent in play.

ADMINISTRATIVE ABILITY

chance motion, his mind seized it at once, stating the case clearly and bringing out all During his campaign for Governor it its elements for consideration. At times he suited his political opponents to describe him took an active part in debate. The speech as a man who had led a cloistered life so that he made in introducing the preceptorial he was unfamiliar with affairs and was want- system has become a faculty tradition as ing in administrative ability. Such a notion a model of perspicacity and force. His quickseemed very grotesque to those who knew ness of apprehension was also marked whenWoodrow Wilson. It altogether misconceived ever he took part in a conference or was the nature of a university president's work. present at a committee meeting. No matter The post calls for administrative ability of how complicated the subject, his mind seemed a very high order, and incidentally brings to bear effectively upon it at once, cutting about contacts and acquaintanceships that into it like a circular saw into a knotty log. put one in personal touch with all great His apprehension extends to the points of national interests, whether business or political. The administrative problems that may engage a university president's attention involve men of exceptional ability and force, so that controversies, if they arise, are more than usually formidable.

view of all concerned, and he is particularly happy in removing differences by promoting clearer understanding.

This quickness of grasp and readiness of comprehension have been strikingly displayed during his administration as Governor. Woodrow Wilson possesses in a singularly I was impressed by it during the height of the high degree the great administrative faculty struggle in the Baltimore convention when it of prompt apprehension of the true nature might have been expected that he would have of a case, so as to disengage it from the irrel- felt the strain of suspense. On the Friday evant and adventitious and to guide discus- after the convention met, at a very critical sion to sound conclusions. Whatever might juncture of his candidacy, I had occasion to be the matter coming up at faculty meetings, visit him at Sea Girt on a matter of State

was interested in the case. No one could have imagined from the Governor's manner that he had anything important on his mind. He applied himself at once to the business, entering into its details with prompt appreciation.

implications of the doctrine of evolution was long ago perceived and appropriated by Woodrow Wilson.

I remember once being with him at a gathering in one of the students' clubs at PrinceDuring the legislative session, if he could ton when the conversation drifted around get into conference with the parties to a con- to religion. We were grouped about a big troversy, it was remarkable how rapidly he fireplace and the talk had been of a desultory could analyze the situation, present its ele- character, with a jocose element predominatments, and suggest the solution. Under the ing, when some mention was made of Herbert parliamentary system he would undoubtedly Spencer. Wilson caught the theme on the have been a great leader, equaling Glad- bound and before he got through with it he stone or Lloyd-George in capacity for ex- had turned Herbert Spencer's philosophy pounding and advocating great public poli- inside out, exposing the inadequacy of cies. So far as our political system admits of materialism and vindicating the Christian such exertion of personal influence he has creeds as symbols quite as valid as any known been uniformly successful, and that explains to science. His attitude on such matters is the signal achievements of his administration. ardent and positive, very different from the His dispatch of business is such that business negative position sometimes assumed by never drives him. He seems always to have college professors, whose attitude toward time to talk and to act with deliberation, whatever be the exigency, and when he is through he is through. The art of living on twenty-four hours a day was learned by him many years ago, and it stands him in good stead now. No man in public life keeps a cleaner desk or has clearer spaces of time for study and recreation in the intervals of official duty.

HIS ATTITUDE TOWARD RELIGION

religion might be described as respect for a venerable social institution rather than sincere belief in its truth. Scholars of this kind are among those whom Woodrow Wilson is in the habit of classing as "ignorant specialists." Although a member of the Presbyterian Church by birthright, and regular in his attendance, he does not talk on such subjects along denominational lines; but he is quick to assert his Christianity and to claim for its dogmas a perfectly secure basis in logic and philosophy. One of the reasons why he enjoys Chesterton's essays is the cleverness with which that writer exposes the narrowness and obtuseness of scepticism.

The habitual cheerfulness and equanimity of his mind and his love of innocent fun are traits so persistent as to imply permanent moral foundations. It does not require much No man since the days of Jefferson and intimacy to discover of what these consist- Madison has been presented as a candidate namely, a deep religious faith, penetrating for the Presidential office who has had such the whole nature of the man and informing a profound knowledge of our political origins all his acts. This is the source of that peace of mind which seems to make him immune to worry or trouble. He takes things as they come, makes the best of them, and abides by the event with simple and complete resignation to the will of God.

The idealism that has now entered into philosophy from fuller knowledge of the

and constitutional history as Woodrow Wilson. Instead of holding that the Constitution needs to be changed to fit the times, Woodrow Wilson holds that the need of the times is to get back to the Constitution. The Constitution is choked by political growths from external influences, and its efficacy will appear when those are cleared away.

THOMAS R. MARSHALL, OF INDIANA

THE STORY OF HIS RISE FROM COUNTRY LAWYER TO GOVERNOR, THEN TO VICE-PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE

FROM

BY THOMAS R. SHIPP

ROM the standpoint of real happiness, it county seats, with their court houses in the seems too bad to take a country lawyer middle of their public squares, the shade of out of his comfortable home in a county-seat their soft maples, and their comfortable town in Indiana and thrust him into the homes. gruelling, social whirl of Washington. But that is just what the Democrats propose to do with Thomas Riley Marshall, Governor of Indiana, whom they nominated, at Baltimore, for Vice-President. For, if there ever was an example of that fine type of good citizen which is found in the county-seat cities in Indiana, it is the running mate of Woodrow Wilson.

"I have had no career," said the Governor to one of his interviewers who met him as he stepped off the street-car in front of the modest house he rents in North Pennsylvania Street, Indianapolis, "and the story of my life is a short one."

To paraphrase Burns, it is "from scenes like these" the Hoosier Governor springs, he who is "loved at home, revered abroad," and who, if the Democrats should win the favor of the people this fall, would hold second place within the gift of the electorate of the United States. But whether Thomas R. Marshall becomes Vice-President or not; whether, if not, he should desire to become a Senator of the United States, or whether, which is as good a bet as any, he should decide to go back to Columbia City and the court house and his comfortable home, he will still be "Tom" Marshall, good neighbor, good story teller, good lawyer, good citizen, and good friend. And "Tom Marshall is a mighty nice little man," as an old lady who knew him well said, when she heard he was nominated.

6

The Governor was right, and wrong. An outline of his political life could well be set in a "stickful" of type-perhaps in less than that; but his real story, could it be told by one who could bring out the lights and shad- Marshall's first rise to fame as a candidate ows in the life of the country lawyer, would for Governor was as unexpected to himself make a book. But the story would be a as to the people of Indiana. He had never simple one-not crowded with ambition, or before sought public office, except once when struggle, or strenuosity; it would be a story he wanted to be prosecuting attorney, back in of a man's daily walk among the men and 1880, and was defeated. He had gone ahead women who know him well. It would not trying his law cases, and spending his sumbe spectacular; there would be no gaudy mers at Petoskey, Mich. However, for coloring, no blare of trumpets; indeed, two years, 1896 and 1898-he was chairman nothing extraordinary. There would be the shade of the soft maples, as George Ade says; there would be the law office over the drygoods store in the brick block on the corner, the county court house in the public square, and, above all, his comfortable home with its veranda and "bay" windows, the shade trees out in front and the board walk back to the barn.

It is in such an atmosphere that "Tom" Marshall grew up. He went to Wabash College at Crawfordsville, came back home, studied law at Ft. Wayne, hung out his shingle, became, first one of the leading lawyers of his home town and, later, a man whose legal fame had spread throughout other

of the Democratic party in his Congressional bash County, Indiana, and that his mother district and in recognition of his services was was a Miss Martha Patterson, a direct derewarded with the reputation, "faithful scendant of Charles Carroll, one of the signers party worker," which, in Indiana, has been of the Declaration of Independence. Pretty a stepping-stone more than once to high pub- good start, the Hoosiers thought, so far as lic office. family was concerned.

declaration for Marshall for Governor. and responsibilities that usually fall to a "When I came back, I found I was a candi- man of his prominence in the commudate," the Governor himself smilingly ex- nity. He had been a member of the presses it. city school board and was elected a trusFrom that time, the Marshall boom grew tee of Wabash College; he was a Presuntil it swept the State, and, January 1, 1909, byterian and taught a class in Sunday he became chief executive of Indiana. When school-a thing he does yet-and he was a he became a candidate, Marshall was not gen- thirty-third-degree Mason. That was his erally known through the Hoosier common- "life and works." But those who were more wealth, a fact that was, perhaps, in his favor, interested in the man politically found that since other men who had been in the public he had always been liberal in contributing to eye had, as usual, been doing and saying the campaigns of others, not only in speeches. things that could be used against them. but in other substantial ways. In fact, genWhen the people began to ask who Marshall was, they found, in the first place, that he was a grand nephew of John Marshall, the illustrious Chief Justice; that his father of